Transition to High School Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Transition to High School - Research Proposal Example According to the initial study that has been conducted, which was the collection of secondary data for the initial literature review, the author has gained an overall knowledge of the different aspects that pose challenges to students as well as teachers and parents when teenagers transition from primary to high school. And this knowledge has the author to design the framework for the study and the give the reader an overview of what can be expected throughout the entirerity of the research study. . In this document the author has given a brief description of the methods that will be used to carry out the main research study, the objectives of the research study, the structure of the dissertation, the timetable for the entire research study as well as the resources that will be needed to carry out the research study and finally the limitations of the research study. THE DIFFICULTIES FACED BY STUDENTS WHEN TRANSITIONING TO HIGH SCHOOL IN THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS, THEIR EXPECTATIONS AND SUBSEQUENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND THE SIGNIFICANT ROLE THAT CAN BE FULFILLED BY PARENTS AND TEACHERS ALIKE TO HELP MITIGATE THE DIFFICULTIES AND HELP EASE AND SMOOTHEN THE TRANSITION Introduction This is a research proposal that the author is completing in part fulfillment of her degree requirement. The area that the author would like to study is the difficulties faced by students when they transition into high school. Therefore in this research proposal the author will give an overview of the research objectives, the research topic, the resources needed for the research study, a brief literature review, the methodology for the research study, the limitations of the study, the timeline needed for the study and finally the structure of the dissertation when the entire research study is completed. In this document the author also gives the reader a basic knowledge of the manner in which the primary data will be gathered and the different sources that will be used to gather the primary data as well as a justification for the methods that will be used. Research Objectives Here the author will give a brief overview of the objectives of the research study that she will evaluate for completion at the end of the research. Gain an in-depth understanding of difficulties faced by students transitioning into high school in the British Virgin Islands To gain an understanding of the root causes of the difficulties faced by students when transitioning to the high school from the point of view of teachers and parents To understand how to make the transition from primary school to high school a smooth and easy transition. To gain an

Press Kit Format - How to Make a Proper Press Kit for Events Essay Example for Free

Press Kit Format How to Make a Proper Press Kit for Events Essay The materials that make up a press kit are usually assembled in a standard two-pocket folder. Choose folders that have slots for your business cards, and in a color that complements your companys printed literature. Press kit materials typically used include the following information pieces: Insert, on the right side of the folder, from front to back: †¢ Business Card Place a copy of the contact persons business card in the slot inside the folder, usually on the right inside flap. †¢ Press Release Announce your big news! A press release contains information in printed form, is written like a newspaper story and is issued to media representatives and reporters. †¢ Article Reprints Samples of past press coverage your company or the person in the news release has received can help sell the newsworthiness of your story. †¢ Copies of Speeches or Presentations given in association with your company or business can also make an impression. Insert, on the left side of the folder, from front to back: †¢ Photographs typically a 5x7 black and white glossy photo of your product or a person mentioned in your press release †¢ Company Profile and Fact Sheets A concise summary of your companys history, initiatives and goals, including a description of your products and services. If you are introducing a new product or service, include a separate fact sheet highlighting its features and benefits. †¢ Testimonials and Case Studies Positive statements or success stories about your business and its products and services from satisfied customers and clients can illustrate your companys significance. †¢ Biographies Profiles of yourself and key employees provide details about the people behind the business. †¢ Statistical Data Charts, graphs and line art can help illustrate your story. Some companies include a comparison chart of their products and services compared to their closest competitors. †¢ Brochures, Catalogues, Newsletters or other Business Literatur e Smaller brochures may be placed in front of other materials.

The genesis of elements

The genesis of elements Introduction The periodic table is continually enriched with new elements synthesised by nuclear reactions in laboratories, but only 90 of all the elements occur naturally. Those are found between atomic numbers 1 to 92, which is from 1H to 92U, excluding the elements technetium (43Tc) and promethium (61Pm). The latter two are made artificially, even though technetium has been recently discovered in stars. All the elements are made from two fundamental building blocks, the protons and the neutrons, given the term nucleons. These are packed together into nuclei, with each element containing a different ratio of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. The nucleons can only be produced or annihilated at very high energies, and this occurred at the beginning of the universe. What happened the first moments of the creation of the universe and how were the elements synthesised? are the questions around which this report is circulated. Using astrophysics to discuss the universe creation is beyond the purpose of this report, and therefore most of the physical equations are excluded. All the terms are explained in simple scientific terms. The areas discussed are how the universe began and how the elements were formed in this universe creation timeline, including any relevant nuclear reaction equations and theories that lead to the creation of the chemical elements as we know them at present. [1, 2] The Big Bang and the origin of the chemical elements The most widely accepted theory in cosmology is currently the Big Bang Theory, which was based on Einsteins General Theory of Relativity (E=mc2). According to this, the universe was once concentrated in a small primeval nucleus of extremely high temperature and infinite density. For some reason, that hot, dense state began to expand homogeneously and cool down at an incredibly fast rate. This sudden expansion into space, distributing radiation and matter everywhere uniformly, gave rise to the birth of the universe and it is known with the misleading title Big Bang (even though it was not an explosion but an expansion). The reason that caused this sudden expansion is not known yet, and scientists are still trying to give an answer to this big cosmology question with many research projects taking place in this field for the past few decades. It is beyond modern science to define what happened before the Big Bang since time and space came into being at that moment. According to this theory the universe is about 15 billion years old. But which are the evidence that this Big Bang actually occurred? [1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] Universes expansion In 1929, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe is expanding and that the galaxies that make up the universe are moving away from our galaxy with velocities proportional to their distance from us. Hubbles law describes this expansion, stating that the farther a galaxy is from us, the greater its radial velocity of recession. Hubbles equations as follows [9]: v (radial velocity) = H (Hubble constant) x d (distance) In simple terms this means that the most distant galaxy is moving away from us at the fastest rate and the nearest at the slowest. This, however, does not mean we are at the centre of the universe, since every observer in the universe sees all objects moving away from them with velocity proportional to the distance. So although the universe is expanding, it looks the same from every single galaxy. Hubbles conclusions resulted from observing the velocities via the redshift, which is the Doppler Effect applied to light waves. Each galaxy has a set of emissions and absorptions seen in their spectra and their characteristic frequencies are known. The characteristic lines from galaxies spectra turn out to move towards the red end of the spectrum, which means the galaxies are receding from us. This effect is known as the redshift. If the galaxies were moving towards us the light waves would be crowded and the frequency would be raised. Since the blue light is of high frequency, a shift towards the blue side of the spectrum would be obtained, giving a blueshift. But this does not occur, and the galaxies are all redshifted. The proportional relationship between speed and distance indicates that in the past all the matter must have been concentrated at a point of extraordinary high density, from which it expanded to its present form. Hubbles discovery provides one of the evidence for the Big Bang Theory. [6, 9, 11] Cosmic Background Radiation In 1965, Penzias and Wilson were investigating the radio noise found at wavelengths between a few millimetres and a few centimetres, by means of a special low-noise radioantenna. Once all the known sources of noise were identified, a remaining signal of radiation was left as an annoying excess noise. This signal was coming from all directions and the noise did not change in intensity with the direction of the antenna in the sky or the time of day and season. This radiation was identified to be Cosmic Background Radiation. The radiation that Penzias and Wilson discovered was seen as the dying remnants of the Big Bang, and was probably formed due to photon production from matter-antimatter annihilation. Once the photon background was produced, it cooled with the expansion of the universe leaving behind this background radiation. This radiation contains more energy than the rest of the universe (stars and galaxies). In the universes early life, when it was very hot, radiation could not travel very far without being absorbed and emitted by some particles. This constant exchange of energy maintained a state of thermal equilibrium and therefore a thermal spectrum can now be obtained. In 1989, Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite was launched which took measurements from above the earths atmosphere, obtaining more accurate results for this radiation than Penzias and Wilson. The shape of the spectrum of thermal radiation that was observed at the temperature of 2.73K was very similar to that of a blackbodys spectrum at the same temperature. The cosmic microwave spectrum shows that this radiation was generated in equilibrium conditions since it has a thermal shape. The radiation is also known as the 3K radiation or the Cosmic (comes from all directions) Blackbody (because of its spectral shape) Microwave (since its spectrum peaks at cm to mm wavelengths) Radiation CBM. In 2001 the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) was launched by NASA, designed to determine the geometry, content and evolution of the universe and to make fundamental measurements of cosmology. WMAP successfully produced a full-sky map of the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation, and it still continues to collect data from space. The results from the different measurements of the cosmic background radiation taken through years are shown in the figure following. Furthermore, the measured uniformity of the radiation confirmed some assumptions about some of the universes properties: its homogeneity (it looks the same at each point) and its isotropy (it looks the same in all directions). To summarise, two evidences supporting the Big Bang Theory have already been discussed: The Big Bang Theory explains Hubbles observation that the universe is expanding, since it must have started its expansion from a hot and dense state in its early life. It accounts for the existence of the cosmic background radiation observed by Penzias and Wilson, and confirms the assumptions that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic. The third evidence for the theory is that it accounts for the origin and the abundances of the light elements that exist in the universe. [6, 7, 9, 12, 14] The timeline of the Big Bang Before the Big Bang the universe was compressed into a hot and dense nucleus. When the Big Bang occurred, the universe began to decompress rapidly. The modern science has not yet defined what happened earlier than Plancks time which is at 10-43s after the Big Bang. At that time the four forces of nature were unified in a single super force (also referred to as Wald), being equally powerful. The four forces are divided in the next two categories: Forces between particles (operate over large distance): Electromagnetic Gravity Forces in subatomic domain (operate over very short distances): Strong nuclear force (it holds the nuclei of atoms together) Weak nuclear force (it crops up in radioactive decay and helps fission) The forces strength is as follows: Strong > Electromagnetic > Weak > Gravity In the primeval fireball formed after the Big Bang, the photons energy was so high that they can collide to form particles (creation of matter from light and formation of matter and antimatter in pairs. This is seen from the Einsteins equation, E=mc2, which doesnt say that this relationship is irreversible. So matter can become energy or energy can become matter! [5, 9, 10] Some important terms, which are mentioned on the above timeline, are very briefly explained below [9, 10]: Quarks are the elementary particles that make up the protons, neutrons etc. A proton is made out of three quarks: 2 up and 1 down quark. Neutron is made out of 2 downs and 1 up. The antimatter has the same properties as the regular matter except that it has the opposite electrical charge. Inflation is the early phase of the exponential growth of the universe. Baryons are particles made out of 3 quarks. Out of those particles only protons and neutrons are stable; therefore the baryonic matter in the universe is considered to be made mostly out of them. The electrons are often included in the term baryons even though they are not made out of three quarks. The universe has neutral charge, i.e. 1 electron for every proton. Radiation: what we see in the universe comes from electromagnetic radiation. The light is made up from individual particles, the photons, ?. These protons spread at the speed of light, and (mostly the high energy ones) can interact with baryons and electrons; for example they ionise an atom by taking off an electron. Neutrinos are extremely weak interacting, massless particles produced in radioactive decay The particles that were present in this cosmic nucleosynthesis are given in the following table: In general, the universe is made out of the following [10]: Baryons (p, n, e) Radiation (photons) Neutrinos Dark Matter and Energy Nuclear Processes taking place during the element formation The light elements of the periodic table were produced during the beginning of the life of universe, whereas the heavier elements were produced later by thermonuclear reactions that power the stars. The early universe could be viewed as a type of thermonuclear reactor. However, the abundances of the light elements produced soon after the Big Bang, have changed at present due to the nuclear processes in stars and other subsequent events in the interstellar medium. Some of the reactions taking place during the life of the universe until now are shown on the following table. Element Abundances The abundance of the elements is the third evidence supporting the Hot Big Bang theory as seen earlier. These abundances are obtained from detailed spectroscopic analysis of samples taken from earth, meteorites, comets, moon, planets etc. The chemical element abundances can be recorded in three different ways [16]: Mass fraction: the mass of a constituent of a mixture over the total mass of all the constituents in the mixture à   w = a / (a+b+c+) Volume fraction: the volume of a constituent of a mixture over the sum of the volumes of all constituents before mixing. For gases, the volume fraction is similar to the mole fraction à   ? Mole fraction: the number of moles of a constituent over the total amount of all constituents in the mixture à   x The graph has some certain features and trends which are seen below [1, 2]: There is an approximately exponential decrease from H until A~100 (atomic mass number) or Z~42 (atomic number). Then, gradual decrease is observed. For higher A, the rarity of synthesis increases showing that the stellar evolution (which builds the heavier elements) is not very common. A peak is seen between Z=23-28, i.e. for elements V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni. At the maximum of the peak lies iron, and it is seen that Fe is 103 times more abundant than expected compared to its neighbouring elements. The e-process (equilibrium). Iron lies on the maximum energy that can be released in stellar nucleosynthesis with the element burning processes. After this, the elements form mostly by neutron capture. The elements D, Li, Be, B are rare compared to their neighbouring H, He, C, N which are highly abundant. Their production is insufficient. Also they are consumed at very high temperatures in the stellar interiors. These elements are mostly made by stellar spallation. Light nuclei up to Z~21 having their A divisible by 4 are more abundant than their neighbours. This was observed by G. Oddo in 1914. These elements are alpha particle nuclei (e.g. O16, Ne20Ca40, Ti48). It is seen that the He-burning and alpha-process are more efficient than the H-burning and s-process in these regions. Double peaks can be seen at A = 80, 130, 196 (peaks due to neutron capture with r process) with A = 90, 138, 208 (due to neutron capture with the s process) Magic numbers at N = 50, 82, 126 for progenitors and stable nuclei Atoms with even atomic mass number, A, are more abundant that those with odd A, therefore the alternate peaks (up and down) are seen in the graph. Heavy atoms tend to be neutron rich. Proton rich heavy nuclei are rare This is because the proton- rich nuclei are produced in the p- process which is rare compared to the r- and s- processes. The r and s peaks seen in the following smoothed curve correspond to the elements formed by the slow and rapid neutron capture processes. Some elements require the neutron capture to be slow enough so that intervening beta decays can occur. However, some other elements need neutron capture to happen very fast to be able to form through some short-lived nuclei. [18] Big Bang Nucleosynthesis The Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) occurred a few brief moments after the beginning of the universe, way before the stars existed. The light element formation happened via nuclear fusion reactions (a process by which smaller nuclei are joined into larger ones), which raged throughout the universe. It is also known as Cosmic or Primordial Nucleosynthesis. For nuclear reactions to occur, some conditions should be present, which were both satisfied in the early universe: The temperature and density should be high enough, so that the kinetic energy of nucleons can overcome the coulomb barrier The particles must come close enough for the attractive nature of the strong nuclear force to overcome the repulsion of the electromagnetic force between the positive charges of the particles (protons). As seen earlier, the universe was born by expansion from a hot, dense state in which its constituents were elementary particles. Atomic nuclei, except from the proton, began to form through nuclear fusion reactions, which could not take place until the temperature was low enough for them to occur. When the universe was about 1 second old, protons became available for fusion, and a proton and neutron can be combined to form a deuteron. However, the deuteron was destroyed by photodissociation (break up of a nucleus by high energy gamma rays) before the more stable helium was formed. At this stage fusion could not proceed further until the universe was cooled further. At about 100s after the Big Bang, the temperature had fallen to 109K and fewer deuterons were destroyed, allowing 4He to form, along with all the isotopes of hydrogen and helium below 4. No considerable amounts of elements above nucleus 4 were formed since there are no stable nuclei of atomic number 5 and 8. However, traces of 7Li and 7Be were formed. At 1000s, the temperature had fallen too low for particles to have enough energy to overcome the coulomb barrier. Therefore, the fusion reactions stopped occurring and the abundances of the elements were frozen. Most matter existed as rarefied gas for a few hundred million years until it was slowly drawn towards a star, where more reactions could take place, due to higher temperatures. The only nucleus formed in a considerable amount was 4He, with some traces of lighter nuclei. Most of the material continued to be 1H. Light element formation Deuteron formation through fusion of a proton with a neutron gives out a photon of high energy (gamma ray). Most of the energy is carried away with this gamma ray, allowing the proton and neutron to bind. Otherwise, they would bounce off each other. The reversible reaction is also true, so a gamma ray can destroy the deuteron. n + p à   d + ÃŽ ³ When there is not anymore sufficient energy and collisions to form many deuterons, they start combining to form helium nuclei: d + d à   4He + ÃŽ ³ However, some two step processes can occur between the proton, neutrons and deuterons to form the helium and hydrogen isotopes, 3He and 3H, as a between step. These two step processes are: p + d à   3He + ÃŽ ³ n + 3He à   4He + ÃŽ ³ and n + d à   3H + ÃŽ ³ p + 3H à   4He + ÃŽ ³ These processes can happen in the forward or backward way, until they reach equilibrium. Neutron decay In the early universe, the temperature was high enough for free protons and neutron to exist in thermal equilibrium at high energies. The free neutrons would travel long distances before colliding with other baryons, having a great chance of decaying into protons. n + ve ßà   p + e- + 0.8MeV (ve is e- neutrino)[ref.2] When the thermal energy drops below 0.8MeV it is hard for backward reaction to occur and therefore more neutrons decay into protons, setting the ratio of n:p to 1:5. However, as soon as the energy falls more (about 0.1MeV) the neutrons manage to form nuclei and become stable, with the ratio now being n:p to 1:7 due to further reduction of the number of neutrons by decay that occurred in the time that it took for the energy to fall. As seen, the only elements produced in significant abundance are 1H and 4He. 4He is formed since it is the most stable of the light elements and 1H is present since there are not enough neutrons to react with the protons (1:7 ratio of neutrons to protons) and a large amount of protons are left over. In universes primordial composition 4He is found to be about 25% (mass fraction). Since 4He is four times heavier than 1H, it implies that there is one helium nucleus for every twelve hydrogen ones. Other elements abundances are (compared to 1H abundance): D =10-4, 3He = 10-5, 7Li = 10-10 [ref.2] The mole fraction of the elements is H 88.6% and 4He 11.3%. Since H and He account for 99.9% of the atoms in the universe, it is concluded that nucleosynthesis of heavier elements has not yet gone very far. [ref.4] At present, the observed abundances of the elements are successfully reproduced by the Big Bang Theory (providing an evidence for the theory). However, the present composition of the universe is slightly altered from its primeval composition, because of the nuclear reactions occurring in stars. Stellar Nucleosynthesis Stellar nucleosynthesis is the fusion process that powers the stars, forming heavier elements out of the lighter ones. The main reactions taking place during this process are summarised in the table below, and then discussed more broadly. Hydrogen burning Hydrogen burning is the fusion of four hydrogen atoms to form a helium one. This happens through two different routes: [ref.6] Proton-proton chain. This is the primary energy producing process in most stars, especially in low mass stars like our Sun, and is as follows) p + p à   d + e+ + ve p + d à   3He + ÃŽ ³ 3He + 3He à   4He + p + p The fusion of two protons to form a deuteron (the nucleus of a deuterium atom with 1p 1n) 3He is an isotope of helium with 2 p and 1 n 4He is the most common isotope of helium, having 2p and 2n. In the 1st step takes a very long time to occur (5109 years), since it involves the weak nuclear force and there is a very small cross section. This is the reason for the long life of stars. The 2nd step involves the electromagnetic interaction and occurs in about 1 second, whereas the 3rd step involves the strong nuclear force, taking about 3105 years. CNO cycle. It is another method for burning of hydrogen, using carbon, nitrogen and oxygen as catalysts. These get consumed so as to help the process occur, but are afterwards reformed. p + 12C à   13N + ÃŽ ³ 13N à  13C + e+ + ve p + 13C à   14N + ÃŽ ³ p + 14N à   15O + ÃŽ ³ 15O à   15N + e+ + ve p + 15N à   12C + 4He Nitrogen nucleus decays Oxygen nucleus decays Helium Burning (triple-alpha reaction) Hydrogen burning releases 90% of the total energy available from fusion. The rest is coming half from the helium burning and the other half from other nucleus burnings up to 56Ni or 56Fe. However, since 5Li and 8Be are unstable, fusion after He can continue only at high density. During the triple-alpha process three 4He nuclei fuse to form 12C. Then, helium and carbon react so as to form oxygen. Some reactions are: 4He + 4He ßà   8Be An almost 100% reversible process since 8Be is highly unstable. 4He + 8Be ßà   12C* An excited state of 12C is formed and almost all decays back to He and Be. 12C* à   12C + e+ + e- However, about 0.2% decays into a stable carbon nucleus. When the 8Be barrier has been passed and the triple-alpha process forms carbon, the following also can occur: 4He + 12C à   16O + ÃŽ ³ 4He + 16O à   20Ne + ÃŽ ³ Carbon Burning The carbon burning follows when the star has run out of helium fuel. This can give three different products. 12C + 12C à   20Ne + 4He 23Mg + n 23Na + p Oxygen burning etc. Oxygen burning: 16O + 16O à   28Si + 4He Neon Burning: 4He + 20Ne à   24Mg + ÃŽ ³ A 28Si can dissociate into 7 4He and react in silicon burning. Silicon Burning: 28Si + 74He à   56Ni (which can then ?-decay to 56Fe during or after a type II supernova) From the above reactions protons, neutrons and alpha particles are released, which are then available for additional captures so as to form further isotopes of the elements. The mass barriers in the element formation In 1939 Bethe observed that no elements heavier than helium can be built up to any appreciable extent, since there are no stable elements of mass 5 nucleus. No reasonable ways of formation of elements could be given, since none of them would work: The addition of a neutron or a proton onto helium can not occur to form a mass 5 nucleus (unstable) The direct formation of 8Be out of two 4He is not possible due to the fact that 8Be is very unstable, with negative binding energy The formation of 12C out of three helium nuclei would not work either. However, at sufficiently high temperature and density 4He can bind to form 8Be and therefore the mass 4 barrier can be passed. This beryllium formed, even though very unstable and at low quantities in the star interiors, it is enough to form 12C when another helium nucleus is added to it (Salpeter, 1952). Once the unstable mass 5 and 8 barriers are overcome, more elements can be formed. Beyond the Iron Peak Explosive Nucleosynthesis The normal nuclear fusion reactions occurring in the star interiors can only form elements up to iron, 56Fe. They do not produce any elements beyond the iron peak since this would require energy rather than yielding energy. Beyond the iron peak, elements can be formed mainly by neutron captures. After 83Bi, no more stable isotopes can be formed. Neutrons are produced by some of the processes seen earlier, and one of the most favoured one is: 13C + 4He à   16O + n In stars, mass loss processes, where a return back to the interstellar medium material occurs which is however altered from when it formed the star, are very common. These can be mild and form planetary nebulas, or can be violent and catastrophic explosions, known as novae and supernovae. During the latter processes, heavy elements are form rapidly before or after the explosion with neutron captures. The two main types of neutron capture synthesising the heavy elements have been briefly discussed earlier (see p.13) and they are the following: S-process (Slow neutron capture) R-process (Rapid neutron capture) An unstable species has to decay before capturing another neutron, and therefore the s-process produces the less neutron rich compounds, since the process is slow enough, it allows beta decay by electron emission and the isotopes are stable before a lot of neutrons have been added. However, during the r-process the neutrons are added rapidly and the nuclei do not have enough time to decay, allowing more neutrons to be added until they can not accept any more. This process forms the more neutron rich elements. Other processes The proton rich isotopes of the heavy elements are formed by the p-process, i.e. proton captures. The elements 2H, 3He, 6Li, 7Li, 9Be, 10B and 11B, as well as some less neutron rich isotopes are not produced in significant amounts form the Big Bang and are less abundant than their neighbours. They are mostly formed during spallation reactions (fragmentation), during which more abundant elements (like C, N and O) are broken up in reactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar gas. The cosmic rays consist of small subatomic particles (mainly p and He nuclei) which travel through our atmosphere from space at the speed of light. They are created in supernovae and some star interactions. The particles in the cosmic rays are accelerated by the galaxys magnetic field and fly towards every direction. During their journey around the galaxy, the heavier particles of the cosmic rays collide with the atoms in the interstellar matter (mostly 1H and 4He), causing fragmentation, producing those lighter elements. Nova Some stars in the galaxy for binary systems, in which there are two stars revolving around each other. If their masses are different the bigger star will evolve faster and at some point their atmospheres combine, causing instabilities to form, resulting to an outburst of energy and matter as an explosion. This increases the luminosity of the stars and a nova is seen. During this procedure, heavy elements are synthesised. Supernova A supernova is a catastrophic stellar explosion during which so much energy is released that all the billions of stars can be outshined by it. It occurs when an evolving star runs out of nuclear fuel, and the core is so unstable that it collapses rapidly (in less than a second!). Just before or during this explosion, thousands of nuclear reactions (neutron captures) occur in a very short time, and form heavy elements. The remains of the supernova spread out into space and can be used in the formation of new stars or can be captured by other evolving stars. Conclusion In this report some of the well known up to date discoveries of cosmology were discussed. However, the universe is so infinite and mysterious that many questions about its creation and the element formation remain unanswered and plenty of areas are still in dark. NASA is currently the largest organisation performing investigation evolving around important cosmological questions, with its program Beyond Einstein. The satellites COBE and WMPA try to find an answer to what powered the Big Bang, whereas other missions wish to discover what the mysterious dark energy causing the expansion of the universe is. Fascinating findings about our universe and the genesis of elements are awaiting to be brought to light in the years to come. References (in order of appearance in text) Greenwood, N. N. and Earnshaw, A., 1997. Chemistry of the elements. 2nd ed. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann Burbidge, E.M., Burbidge, G.R., Fowler, W.A. and Hoyle F., 1957. Synthesis of the Elements in Stars. Rev. Mod. Phys. Vol. 29, No.4, pp.547-650 Hubble Space Telescope, 2009. Hubble Site, Gallery [online]. Available from: http://hubblesite.org/gallery/album/ [Accessed on 10.12.2009] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 2009. WMPA (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe): Universe 101 Image Gallery [online]. Available from: http://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/ [Accessed on 21.11.09] Bhattacharya, A.B., Joardar, S. and R Bhattacharya, 2009. Astronomy Astrophysics. USA: Jones Bartlett Publishers Mackintosh, R., 2005. Space, Time and Cosmology, Block 4: Cosmology and the early universe. Milton Keynes: Open University Peebles, P.J.E., Schramm, D.N., Turner, E.L., and Kron, R.G., 1994. The Evolution of the Universe. Sci. Am. Vol. 271, No.4, pp.53-57 Longair, M.S., 1991. The origins of our universe: a study of the origin and evolution of the contents of our universe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Zeilik, M., 2002. Astronomy: the evolving universe. 9th ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Liddle, A., c1999. An introduction to modern cosmology. Chichester: Wiley Rowan-Robinson, M., 2004. Cosmology. 4th ed. Great Britain: Oxford University Press Zeilik, M. and Gregory, S.A., c1998. Introductory astronomy and astrophysics. 4th Ed. Singapore ; London : Brooks / Cole / Thomson Learning University of Melbourne, 2009. Why do magnetic depend on who measures them [online]. Available from: http://www.ph.unimelb.edu.au/~dnj/teaching/160mag/160mag.htm [Accessed on

World War I :: World War I History

World War I Introduction: Then I heard an excited exclamation from a group of sisters behind me, "Look!Look! Here are the Americans!" This was said by an overwhelmed British nurse. This is when America entered WWI. They helped the Allies out a great deal. During WWI a lot of new weapons evolved(machine guns and airplanes), countries got spilt apart, Women became more evolved in men's regular work. In the end of WWI an entire generation of Europeans were killed, dynasties fell in Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia. The League of Nations was made up to promote peace. Because of WWI, WWII occurred. This is why I believe WWI was more important then the Gulf War. The new weapons that evolved during WWI were machine guns, and airplanes. The machine guns fired its ammunition automatically. With the use of a machine gun, you could literally wipe out dozens of people at a time. Now for the airplanes. This was an amazing ordeal for a plane to be used in war, or any type of combat for that matter. The planes were a big advantage. They played numerous roles. We also became smarter about the use of airplanes today. When Russia had a second revolution the communist leader Vladimir Ilyich Lenin gained power. Lenin deiced to end his country's involvement in the war. Well the first thing he did was make a truce with Germany. From this the Russian government had to give over Finland, Poland, Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to Germany. Even after the war when the treaty became invalid, those countries gained their independence. If this had not happened those countries would not be independent today. Maybe this is a good thing because if Russia still had those countries they would be more powerful and one day might deiced to challenge the U.S. During WWI when the men were at war the woman took on the mans everyday job. This included factories, shops, offices and so on. Woman all of a sudden were constructing, farming, even running hospitals. Something back then men thought was impossible for them to do. As well as working their everyday jobs, they would help the war men with food, clothing and supplies. It was like the woman became the dominate role. They went to work and then would come home and tend to the children and housework. After the war when the men returned, peoples views changed.

Philosophy of Teaching Essay

I consider my ultimate strength that I bring to the classroom is the desire and eagerness that I have for teaching children. A dynamic part of being a teacher is to motivate the students to know that the skills and information they are learning is worth learning and are valuable lessons to be used in the future. If I can convince the children that the material is enjoyable, powerful, and beneficial then they will want to make the effort to learn. I make it a significance priority to convey drive and enthusiasm to the classroom. It is difficult to learn if you are uninterested and almost not difficult to learn if the learning method is enjoyable and appealing. Additionally it is imperative for the students to appreciate why they are learning and what the importance of learning is. My objectives for teaching in the classroom are limited but crucial ones. I want my students to learn the materials taught in an extensive, everlasting way. I want them to apply the thoughts of these ideas t o all subject material taught. I will use the means that I have learned and continue to learn to get the maximum learning potential of my students as a whole. Secondly, I inspire to transform lives so that they determine life paths that have not ever been reflected on before. Reassurance is important and I aim to be their biggest fan. Thirdly, I want to reinvent the practice of teaching. Often teaching is regarded as an art, an uqualifiable expertise, to be practiced and understood by each new generation of teachers. By familiarizing new concepts and practices the doors are exposed to tangible advancement to permit us to learn new and more effective ways of using classroom time, so that the succeeding generation of teachers can be sincerely better and more effective in teaching then even we are today in the world of modernisms and increased use of technology. I don’t always know the greatest ways to teach but I am willing to try different approaches until I reach a place where I know what I am doing will effect upcoming generations of students and educators. Lastly, and most selfishly I want to have an exciting journey and make the classroom a fun and exciting place to learn. I delight in the opportunity of getting to know my students and their families and develop strong lasting relationships that can be seen years down the road. There are great joys of becoming a teacher and knowing that you impact lives each and every day. Our students learn when they are energetically figuring things out, trying to teach themselves, not inactively wandering through busy work and handouts, expecting to be taught. I design my lesson plans and classroom material not around what I do but what the students will do. I let them take command of their own education and to teach them as much as imaginable about the realm around us.

Free Essays on Hammuravi

Daisy Miller In the story â€Å"Daisy Miller†, Henry James gives his readers the opportunity to look at the different perceptions that individuals can have of one another. These perceptions are often based solely on ones own value system, which are instilled every individual from birth. Miss Miller’s travel throughout Europe demonstrates the ideals of one country and how they contrast with those of another. She is perceived as being very flirtatious by the European’s and is labeled as an outcast. While In Switzerland Miss Miller meets a man named Winterbourne. His aunt of his newly found friend continually warns Winterbourne, brought up by a socially elite group. Mrs. Costello, Winterbournes aunt does not accept this flirtatious behavior of Miss Miller and actually refuses to meet her. Winterbourne’s views were quite different from his aunt due to his â€Å"old attachment from the little metropolis of Calvinism, he had been put to school there as a boy, and he had afterwards gone to college there-circumstances which had led to his forming a great many youthful friendships. Winterbourne’s education and his progressive nature allowed him to continue his friendship with Miss Miller, a woman of whom he was very attracted to. He understood the norms and customs of European’s and there countries and while he followed many of them his ability to see the big pic ture allowed him to pursue different friendships, his most recent being Miss Miller. While Winterbourne was able to look past the views of many of the citizens of Europe he could not convince his aunt to do the same. Like Mrs. Costello, the Europeans continued to hold their perceptions of Miss Miller and constantly judged her actions. Not realizing her status in Europe she was not invited to many of the events and parties in which the society held. Ultimately creating her own unfavorable perceptions of the countries in Europe. The inability to see the larger socie... Free Essays on Hammuravi Free Essays on Hammuravi Daisy Miller In the story â€Å"Daisy Miller†, Henry James gives his readers the opportunity to look at the different perceptions that individuals can have of one another. These perceptions are often based solely on ones own value system, which are instilled every individual from birth. Miss Miller’s travel throughout Europe demonstrates the ideals of one country and how they contrast with those of another. She is perceived as being very flirtatious by the European’s and is labeled as an outcast. While In Switzerland Miss Miller meets a man named Winterbourne. His aunt of his newly found friend continually warns Winterbourne, brought up by a socially elite group. Mrs. Costello, Winterbournes aunt does not accept this flirtatious behavior of Miss Miller and actually refuses to meet her. Winterbourne’s views were quite different from his aunt due to his â€Å"old attachment from the little metropolis of Calvinism, he had been put to school there as a boy, and he had afterwards gone to college there-circumstances which had led to his forming a great many youthful friendships. Winterbourne’s education and his progressive nature allowed him to continue his friendship with Miss Miller, a woman of whom he was very attracted to. He understood the norms and customs of European’s and there countries and while he followed many of them his ability to see the big pic ture allowed him to pursue different friendships, his most recent being Miss Miller. While Winterbourne was able to look past the views of many of the citizens of Europe he could not convince his aunt to do the same. Like Mrs. Costello, the Europeans continued to hold their perceptions of Miss Miller and constantly judged her actions. Not realizing her status in Europe she was not invited to many of the events and parties in which the society held. Ultimately creating her own unfavorable perceptions of the countries in Europe. The inability to see the larger socie...

Social Dialect Definition and Examples

Social Dialect Definition and Examples In sociolinguistics, social dialect is a variety of speech associated with a particular social class or occupational group within a society. Also known as a sociolect,  group idiolect, and class dialect. Douglas Biber distinguishes two main kinds of dialects in linguistics: Geographic dialects are varieties associated with speakers living in a particular location, while social dialects are varieties associated with speakers belonging to a given demographic group (e.g., women versus men, or different social classes)(Dimensions of Register Variation, 1995). Examples and Observations Even though we use the term social dialect or sociolect as a label for the alignment of a set of language structures with the social position of a group in a status hierarchy, the social demarcation of language does not exist in a vacuum. Speakers are simultaneously affiliated with a number of different groups that include region, age, gender, and ethnicity, and some of these other factors may weigh heavily in the determination of the social stratification of language variation. For example, among older European-American speakers in Charleston, South Carolina, the absence of r in words such as bear and court is associated with aristocratic, high-status groups (McDavid 1948) whereas in New York City the same pattern of r-lessness is associated with working-class, low-status groups (Labov 1966). Such opposite social interpretations of the same linguistic trait over time and space point to the arbitrariness of the linguistic symbols that carry social meaning. In other words, it is not r eally the meaning of what you say that counts socially, but who you are when you say it. (Walt Wolfram, Social Varieties of American English. Language in the USA, ed. by E. Finegan. Cambridge University Press, 2004) Language and Gender Across all social groups in Western societies, women generally use more standard grammatical forms than men and so, correspondingly, men use more vernacular forms than women... [I]t is worth noting that although gender generally interacts with other social factors, such as status, class, the role of the speaker in an interaction, and the (in)formality of the context, there are cases where the gender of the speaker seems to be the most influential factor accounting for speech patterns. In some communities, a womans social status and her gender interact to reinforce differential speech patterns between women and men. In others, different factors modify one another to produce more complex patterns. But in a number of communities, for some linguistic forms, gender identity seems to be a primary factor accounting for speech variation. The gender of the speaker can override social class differences, for instance, in accounting for speech patterns. In these communities, expressing masculine or feminine identity seems to be very important. (Janet Holmes, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 4th ed. Routledge, 2013) Standard British English as a Sociolect The standard variety of a given language, e.g. British English, tends to be the upper-class sociolect of a given central area or regiolect. Thus Standard British English used to be the English of the upper classes (also called the Queens English or Public School English) of the Southern, more particularly, London area. (Renà © Dirven and Marjolyn Verspoor, Cognitive Exploration of Language and Linguistics. John Benjamins, 2004) LOL-Speak When two friends created the site I Can Has Cheezburger?  in 2007, to share cat photos with funny, misspelled captions, it was a way of cheering themselves up. They probably weren’t thinking about long-term sociolinguistic implications. But seven years later, the cheezpeep community is still active online, chattering away in LOLspeak, its own distinctive variety of English. LOLspeak was meant to sound like the twisted language inside a cat’s brain, and has ended up resembling a down-South baby talk with some very strange characteristics, including deliberate misspellings (teh, ennyfing), unique verb forms (gotted, can haz), and word reduplication (fastfastfast). It can be difficult to master. One user writes that it used to take at least 10 minutes â€Å"to read adn unnerstand† a paragraph. (â€Å"Nao, it’z almost like a sekund lanjuaje.†) To a linguist, all of this sounds a lot like a sociolect: a language variety that’s spoken within a social group, like Valley Girl–influenced ValTalk or African American Vernacular English. (The word dialect, by contrast, commonly refers to a variety spoken by a geographic group- think Appalachian or Lumbee.) Over the past 20 years, online sociolects have been springing up around the world, from Jejenese in the Philippines to Ali G Language, a British lingo inspired by the Sacha Baron Cohen character. (Britt Peterson, The Linguistics of LOL. The Atlantic, October 2014) Slang as a Social Dialect If your kids are unable to differentiate among a nerd (social outcast), a dork (clumsy oaf) and a geek (a real slimeball), you might want to establish your expertise by trying these more recent (and in the process of being replaced) examples of kiduage: thicko (nice play on sicko), knob, spasmo (playground life is cruel), burgerbrain and dappo. Professor Danesi, who is author of Cool: The Signs and Meanings of Adolescence, treats kids slang as a social dialect that he calls pubilect. He reports that one 13-year-old informed him about a particular kind of geek known specifically as a leem in her school who was to be viewed as particularly odious. He was someone who just wastes oxygen. (William Safire, On Language: Kiduage. The New York Times Magazine, Oct. 8, 1995)

Make Hot Ice - Heating Pad Chemistry

Make Hot Ice - Heating Pad Chemistry Heres an easy chemistry project you can do in which you take a clear liquid and instantaneously solidify it into hot ice. It isnt water ice, however. This is how you make crystals of sodium acetate, which is used in hand warmers and chemical heating pads and hot packs. Hot Ice Materials sodium acetatewatersaucepanglass or pan Making Your Own Sodium Acetate Monohydrate If you dont have any sodium acetate monohydrate you can make your own. Add baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) to vinegar (weak acetic acid) until the mixture stops fizzing. This will give you an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. If you boil off the water, youll be left with the sodium acetate. Expect to use a lot of baking soda and vinegar if you go this route. Make the Hot Ice What you are going to do is make a supersaturated sodium acetate solution. The solution will remain a supercooled liquid until a little solid sodium acetate is introduced. This will cause rapid crystallization that will resemble a block of ice, except it will be hot to the touch and not edible. Dump some sodium acetate monohydrate into a saucepan.Add just enough water to dissolve the sodium acetate.Heat the solution to just below its boiling point.Stir in more sodium acetate. Keep stirring and adding sodium acetate until you start to see solid material accumulating at the bottom of the pan.Pour the hot solution into a glass or other container. Do not allow any of the undissolved solid to enter the container.Cool the solution in the refrigerator 30 minutes to an hour.Remove the solution from the refrigerator. As long as you didnt leave any solid sodium acetate in the solution, it should still be liquid.When you are ready to make ice introduce a little of the solid sodium acetate. You could dip a toothpick or the edge of a spoon in sodium acetate powder.The crystallization will evolve heat (exothermic reaction), making the solid feel hot to the touch (~130Â ° F). Hot Ice Trick You dont have to solidify the sodium acetate in a dish. You can crystallize it as the solution is being poured to make fantastic shapes.

Financing Decisions and Market Efficiency Essay

Financing Decisions and Market Efficiency - Essay Example It is therefore important that a company must be innovative and highly efficient in managing its long term and short term financial perspectives in a manner that promotes confidence in its investors and customers. The fast changing technological innovations have facilitated a wide scope of linking elements of finance and market derivatives that have considerable influence on each other. Very often, the market driven compulsions, affect the financial outcome of the corporate bodies, making them financially vulnerable to market forces. Hence, the companies that are listed on the stock exchanges and have definite ratings by the various well respected investors’ services must ensure that they have good feedback and accordingly formulate strategy to maintain good market position. Moody’s investors’ service is one of the world’s most trusted and utilized services that provides the investors with the protection of integrity of credit vis-Ã  -vis the companies that it rates according to their financial and performance based fundamental strengths. It core business activities include credit rating, research and analysis providing a transparent system of market evaluation and upgrading the level of assessment of stocks with information based values. The most important aspect of Moody’s credit ratings is that it help the investors to analyse the credit risks for the securities and stocks of the company. Hence once a company gets a credit rating from the Moody, its credibility is established in the market. The higher the credit listing, the better the chances are for the company to maintain a low interest cost and high stake in credit-debt ratio. Moody’s approach to credit ratings, are based on the perspectives over a long period of time, within which the company would be not only be able to survive and succeed but also be able to meet its credit obligations. Therefore, it

The purpose of this assignment will be to explore how a Family Nurse Research Paper

The purpose of this assignment will be to explore how a Family Nurse Practitioner can influence their local communities, within their chosen roles, to achieve a - Research Paper Example ue the fact that many individuals in society are discriminated due to the fact that they have various forms of disabilities (Institute of Medicine 2011). These individuals in the community are hidden away from others because they are considered a shame and therefore are not accorded the necessary health care they require. Achieving this goal of according equity and eliminating disparities is necessary not only as a way of helping those individuals with disabilities access health care but also as a way to educate the community on the importance of treating such people with justice and not discriminate against them because they are individuals just like them (McKenzie et al. 2011). In the community I come from, people with disabilities are treated like lepers in the old days. They are locked up from the moment they acquire the disability of whatever form. They are not even taken to hospitals to find out if they can get any assistance like being given prosthetics, wheelchairs or even crutches. These individuals are sometimes locked up in different houses (which are constructed like cells) because they are believed to be contagious and therefore shunned away. They are not given enough food, and sometimes none at all. The occasional food they are given is not nutritious at health and hence such individuals suffer from malnutrition and malnourishment on top of other health-related opportunistic diseases and infections like coughs. The nurse practitioner is specifically trained to provide individual health care (Rimmer and Cross 2002). This skill comes in handy in the initial stage of the â€Å"project† where they carry out assessment of the individuals with disabilities within the community and the form of disability they are facing. It is also necessary after teaching the local community (during monitoring and evaluation stage). This is because they will be able to move to those homes with such individuals and see if their treatment in relation to health has

Business In Asia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business In Asia - Research Paper Example The Asian Financial Crisis which happened during 1997 in stark continuation with the happening of the global financial crisis rendered significant implications on separate economies of Asia. The paper in this connection endeavours to understand the impacts of the Asian Financial Crisis on economies of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Japan entered the realm of financial crisis owing to the decline in the currency of Thailand. During the era of financial crisis, both the currencies of Asia and America became overvalued leading to mass scale investments in the region of Thailand. Investments which were driven to Thailand mainly catered to the development of construction industry leading to the rise of the property bubble. However, the situation of the financial institutions in Japan deeply worsened which lead to the region’s further dependence on international funds. As compared to the Japanese effect economic and financial situation of other economies like Taiwan and Singapore al so reflected similar slowdowns. The growth of the Asian Financial Crisis also leads to the final demise of economies like Indonesia and Southern Korea. The Asian countries like Malaysia, Thailand, the region of Hong Kong and the Philippines Islands were all swept by a huge recessionary wave. Further, the decline in the currencies of the Asian economies also made these economies highly dependent on foreign currencies making them equally expensive. Thus, the financial institutions of these Asian economies started finding it difficult to meet the debt of the external borrowings. (Moe, 2004, pp.231-232). Thus, it is found that the happening of the global financial crisis changed the face of the Asian economies. Leaving the Chinese and Taiwanese economies, the Gross Domestic Product of other Asian economies like Korea, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Japan, Thailand and the like was adversely affected owing to the wave of global financial crisis. Several policy decisions were taken at the regional level to counter the growing effect of the financial crisis. The

Consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Consumer behavior - Essay Example A manager has to come up with a strategy that will ensure that the sales promotion efforts put in place are profitable and achieving the set goals by the company. In the case of the first problem of increasing the sales volume of the company, a manger should make an analysis of the previous sales levels before the sales promotions and the new sales volume achieved after the sales promotion strategies. The aim of sales promotion is to increase the sales volume. Therefore, if the promotions will have no effect on the sales volume, then it would be appropriate to scrap off the sales promotions. Sales promotions are usually the capital intensive, therefore, the management should ensure that benefits outweigh the costs. That means that a high pricing strategy should be formulated to ensure that the high prices compensate for the increased costs. The sales promotions should also be tailor made for the target market and regions that the company has not ventured in. that will ensure an incre ase in the market share of the company. In the problem of the issue of the promotions being profitable as expected, a company can list down the profits against the costs of the company. The strategies formulated should be aimed at increasing profits and the market share of the company. In such a situation, the company can set a relatively higher price and aim at increasing the sales volume (Feinberg 281).The manager should ensure that efficiency is maximized to cut down on the costs of the company.

Recent incidences of corporate or banking scandals happened in U.S Essay

Recent incidences of corporate or banking scandals happened in U.S companies or financial insitutions - Essay Example At the same time, the Lehman Brothers reduced assets on the left side of the company’s statement of financial position. The Lehman Brothers also systematically used the repos to finance some projects. Instead of reporting that the repos were used for financing reasons, the Lehman Brothers disclosed the repos as asset sales to mislead investors (Elliott and Treanor 5). This allowed the Lehman Brothers to use the proceeds gained from the repo to reduce its leverage right just before the reporting period. By September 2008, the repo proceeds had reached $50 billion resulting in bankruptcy. The investigators were amazed to learn that this amount was even more than the bonds that were due at the time General Motors went bankrupt the previous year. The repo proceeds were also comparable to the gross domestic product of Switzerland in 2008. Amazingly, the top executives of the company then, including its CEO Dick Fuld denied any knowledge of the company’s use of Repo 105 (Elli ott and Treanor 5). It was also amazing that Ernst & Young, the leading audit firm for the company gave unqualified report without noting the misstatements in the company’s books of account.... From the analysis of the case, it became apparent that the company’s top executives made serious errors of business judgments, which ought not to have occurred. For instance, it was unethical for the top executives of the company to mislead investors of the real picture of the company by manipulating the balance sheet. As earlier indicated, the Lehman Brothers tried to stop its demise by falsifying the balance sheet to deceive investors about its true financial picture. This was unethical act, which executives ought to avoid. The company’s financial statement is very important since it shows investors how the company is performing, which also influence their investment decisions (Goldmann and Hilton 21). According to the accounting and auditing standards, the top executives of the company were supposed to report the real financial position of the company. The Lehman Brothers also breached the corporate governance and management ethics by using Repo 105 to manipulate its balance sheet. In this regard, we realize from the case that the Lehman Brothers diverted $50 billion of its toxic assets from its balance sheet in the early 2008 rather than disposing of the repos and reporting the same at a loss. After doing so, Wolff observed that the lack of strong internal control allowed the Lehman Brothers to treat the repo 105 transaction as proceeds instead of financing (2). To make matters worse, the chief financial officer was found to have sent emails indicating that repo 105 should be used to reduce liabilities in the statement of financial position of the country. This was indeed a serious breach of accounting principle. In addition, the top executives of the company failed to disclose the repo 105 to the rating agencies,

Describe an incident or situation that has occured during your student Essay

Describe an incident or situation that has occured during your student practice and discuss a related professional issue - Essay Example So I asked her, in a discreet manner what was wrong. She explained that she was embarrassed so I wheeled her back into her room and fed her in there. If this lady had been asked where she would like to eat, her choice would have been to stay in her room and eat where she felt her dignity would have been maintained. If I had not of spoken to her she would rather chose not to eat, or other patients, having no intentions, will invade her privacy and see her feed. As a nurse, it is vital that a patient’s dignity is respected at all times. By preserving dignity, a nurse can also preserve the integrity of the patient. In this scenario, it is clear that a violation in privacy and person’s dignity occurred through humiliation, embarrassment, not respecting patient’s autonomy regarding preferred feeding, and depersonalization (Watson, 2008, p. 133). Healthcare delivery in the contemporary era focuses on being patient centered, risk managed, quality assured and cost effective (Mallik, 2009, p. 14). Accountability has grown increase importance in delivering quality health care by expanding the responsibility of caring and accountability to a health team instead of individuals. Accountability is defined as being accountable of your actions by explaining and justifying why and what you did. It involves assessment of the best interests for patients, knowledge and judgment in decision-making, and explanation to defend course of action (Walsh, p. 89). Since accountability promotes the best interests of the patients, it is essential that nurses respect privacy, which is one basic right of human dignity. Privacy is a major factor considered in caring. Among of the privacy concerns of patients are depersonalization and intimate questions, hospital procedures, and treatments (Watson, 2008, p. 133). Privacy was linked to preservation of human dignity and maintenance of integrity and hence is considered as an essential health need

Consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Consumer behavior - Essay Example A manager has to come up with a strategy that will ensure that the sales promotion efforts put in place are profitable and achieving the set goals by the company. In the case of the first problem of increasing the sales volume of the company, a manger should make an analysis of the previous sales levels before the sales promotions and the new sales volume achieved after the sales promotion strategies. The aim of sales promotion is to increase the sales volume. Therefore, if the promotions will have no effect on the sales volume, then it would be appropriate to scrap off the sales promotions. Sales promotions are usually the capital intensive, therefore, the management should ensure that benefits outweigh the costs. That means that a high pricing strategy should be formulated to ensure that the high prices compensate for the increased costs. The sales promotions should also be tailor made for the target market and regions that the company has not ventured in. that will ensure an incre ase in the market share of the company. In the problem of the issue of the promotions being profitable as expected, a company can list down the profits against the costs of the company. The strategies formulated should be aimed at increasing profits and the market share of the company. In such a situation, the company can set a relatively higher price and aim at increasing the sales volume (Feinberg 281).The manager should ensure that efficiency is maximized to cut down on the costs of the company.

Describe an incident or situation that has occured during your student Essay

Describe an incident or situation that has occured during your student practice and discuss a related professional issue - Essay Example So I asked her, in a discreet manner what was wrong. She explained that she was embarrassed so I wheeled her back into her room and fed her in there. If this lady had been asked where she would like to eat, her choice would have been to stay in her room and eat where she felt her dignity would have been maintained. If I had not of spoken to her she would rather chose not to eat, or other patients, having no intentions, will invade her privacy and see her feed. As a nurse, it is vital that a patient’s dignity is respected at all times. By preserving dignity, a nurse can also preserve the integrity of the patient. In this scenario, it is clear that a violation in privacy and person’s dignity occurred through humiliation, embarrassment, not respecting patient’s autonomy regarding preferred feeding, and depersonalization (Watson, 2008, p. 133). Healthcare delivery in the contemporary era focuses on being patient centered, risk managed, quality assured and cost effective (Mallik, 2009, p. 14). Accountability has grown increase importance in delivering quality health care by expanding the responsibility of caring and accountability to a health team instead of individuals. Accountability is defined as being accountable of your actions by explaining and justifying why and what you did. It involves assessment of the best interests for patients, knowledge and judgment in decision-making, and explanation to defend course of action (Walsh, p. 89). Since accountability promotes the best interests of the patients, it is essential that nurses respect privacy, which is one basic right of human dignity. Privacy is a major factor considered in caring. Among of the privacy concerns of patients are depersonalization and intimate questions, hospital procedures, and treatments (Watson, 2008, p. 133). Privacy was linked to preservation of human dignity and maintenance of integrity and hence is considered as an essential health need

The Sixth Sense Essay Example for Free

The Sixth Sense Essay Night Shyamalan uses symbolism in this film to give it a creepy atmosphere. The names of most of the characters are symbolic, they relate to things that are dark and may reflect to the personality of the person. For example, Dr. Malcolm Crowe, his last name is Crowe like a crow, which is the symbol of evil or dark, dead things, and in the end he is dead. Cole’s name is symbolic because of Cole, which is like cold which is what happens when ghosts get angry; Sear his last name is symbolic because it is like the word seer which is a person that is a visionary or someone that can see things that others can’t, like Cole. Vincent’s name is symbolic because his name is the same as the famous Vincent Van Gogh, a painter that was insane and ended up shooting himself like Vincent Grey; Grey is symbolic because grey is the color of being in between, it’s the color of neither black nor white, being in the middle of two worlds as Vincent Grey was. Lastly, in â€Å"The Sixth Sense† M. Night Shyamalan uses motif to explain extreme emotional pain that can be damaging to someone. Red is a big significance in the movie because when something is about to go wrong, the color red appears. When something frightening is about to happen somewhere on the screen, the color red appears. Another example of motif is the white hair on the back of Vincent and Cole’s head, because some hair on trauma victims goes white. By Shyamalan having Vincent and Cole sharing this feature, it shows a deep connection between them. Using symbolism and motif people are able to figure out the ending of the movie before it ends. Dr. Malcolm Crowe has been dead for the entire movie, and Cole Sear is able to deal with his problems. Dr. Crowe came to Cole to help him with his problem with being afraid of ghosts, but Cole also helped Dr. Crowe by helping him to move on. When Dr. Crowe spoke to his wife while she was sleeping he was able to figure out that he was dead because he saw his wife’s breath. Works Cited The Sixth Sense. Dir. M. Night Shyamalan. Perf. Bruce Willis, Haley Joel Osment. 1999. DVD. Buena Vista, 1999. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Sixth Sense. 6 Dec. 2006. 9 Dec. 2006.

Children with Social, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties

Children with Social, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties Describe the range of social, emotional and behavioural difficulties that children may experience ANSWER: The difficulty children may experience with these three developments are in various ways, a few of which are; being withdrawn or isolated, lack of concentration in studies, difficulty in forming relation, extra sensitive, bullying, scared, resentment, self injury lack of confidence, stage fright, feeling lonely, no eye contact and also comes by with sex, age and income, mentally disturbed, stress and anxiety, tearful, inappropriate behaviour towards others, hyperactive and lots more. If we look at the social perspective, particular things fall under here but let us have a think, what causes this? Insufficient money in the house, separated parents, screaming and shouting at each other, no understanding between family members, all this affects a child directly which makes him feel alone, bullied by friends, cannot form relationships and cannot handle them, hyperactive, keep moving from one thing to another, If we look at the emotional perspective, the difficulty of stress and anxiety, tearful, over thinking and presuming, not a good listener, extra sensitive, thinks more about others than self, mentally disturbed, anger Now looking at behaviour difficulty, child causes damage to themselves more than others because can injure themselves, undergo depression, get habituated to drugs, wrong company, cannot talk in an appropriate manner, cannot concentrate, does not want to study, All these perspectives are interlinked together which have cause and effect, let us sit down and think a child having difficulty in all these stages why? So we have to be role models and help these not to arise, all children need love, care, respect, time, calmness, understanding, feeling safe, build self esteem and confidence, protection, security, friendship, family, food, water, shelter, fulfilling needs, bonding, which we can give to our best, so let us make the best of our children who can achieve to their best ability. QUESTION 2: Evaluate the strategies that can be used to support children with social, emotional and behavioural difficulty. ANSWER: Strategies to support child with these difficulty; Firstly identify the problem the child is facing without judgement Who is the child with? What is child doing? What are adults in the room doing? What time of the day is it? What happened before the behaviour occurred? What behaviour of the child brings concern? What do you say? What do other children say? What does the child say? How are the other children reacting? How is the child feeling? All these above once analysed can think what shall be done next Build activities which are relaxing and work in pairs so support and help each other Make it more fun to learn and use ICT skills for reading and writting Give reward eg; time off to play with special toy, reward stickers Recognize hard work and achievement Activity within concentration limit Clear guidelines and visual prompts when required and eye contact too Maintaining routine and structure. Praise an action and condemn an action, do not focus on child, focus on action eg; I like your smile- beautiful faces give beautiful smiles, do not hit- let us keep hands to our selves, your hand writing is getting better- I am impressed with the hard work in writing, stop it- can we please be careful Invite child to help you with daily tasks and give them responsibilities Listening to each other, play Chinese whispers to build skills Let child choose one activity for the whole class to do together Using statement which helps them feel you understand such as; that made me very sad- let us say sorry Saying ‘good morning’ and ‘good bye’ with eye contacts feels good Focus on process of learning not product, if there is an improvement gradually its good Build strengths, talk about past we could not do this yesterday but I am sure we can do it today. QUESTION 3: Explain the link between social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and speech, language and communication difficulties. ANSWER: Social, emotional and behaviour difficulties (BSED) Speech, language and communication difficulties (SLCD) BSED- is more to do with a person as an individual, conduct SLCD-is more to do with grammar, speech The link between social and speech difficulties are very obvious because someone who cannot interact with other people due to inferiority complex, aggressive, feeling isolated, lonely, hyperactive, no friends which is a social difficulty, cannot adjust and display behaviour appropriately when in a group or people or around please, is the same as a person who has a speech difficulty cannot talk properly or stammers also does not have confidence and is ashamed and scared of others laughing at him/her when she/he talks, will be laughed upon, not heard to. The link between emotional difficulty and language difficulty is there because when ones feelings and emotions evolve as they grow and cannot explain themselves can get very frustrated, hyper, angry or tearful, they want to be left alone, they are scared, worried, they can cause harm to anyone or even themselves, undergo depression so their whole state of mind and body changes. Someone with language difficulty cannot or find it hard to express themselves and if they try to may not be very clear because do not know what to say or are in their own shell so to explain to someone else is difficult, also the fact of not having clear speech such as stammer or different pronunciation can make them feel they are being made mockery off so their self esteem is tampered upon and again they get agitated, upset and might be violent too. Someone with behavioural difficulty will also have communication difficulty because they have been affected mentally, unable to discipline or self control, not enough food, financial status in the house, family and parents relation, they are grumpy at themselves why them? It is not their fault but these factors can manipulate your behaviour, one can start stealing, killing, drugs addicts now how do you expect a person like this to explain him or herself, communication about such behaviour it is very difficult, firstly to even be able to trust someone is a big deal let alone disclosing the matter, not being able to understand rules and boundaries will show unwanted behaviour. Both these aspects have a link because it is internal and external factors which in one way or the other affect a child life or a human beings life. These are two vast aspects in a child life and in two different forms and ways, it is not necessary a child with speech language communication has same problems and issues as someone with social, behaviour and emotional difficulty but they are interrelated. A child who cannot speak clearly or is hard of hearing will use sign language where as another child will shy off and get into his or her own shell, seclude the self from everyone A child who cannot understand instructions properly may be encouraged to use visual prompts and gestures where as another child will be bullied, left alone, harassed, causing him to get frustrated, angry, tearful, lose confidence, inferiority complex. So all these show us it is not a must for children to have both of these difficulties at the same time and if has either one will be affected by the other; no; if from young age child is monitored well, given required support, help, diagnosed which needs more focus, which is main problem and how to go about, child will overcome but yes one difficulty they will both face is peer pressure, social racism, left alone, inferiority complex, confidence, bully so we have to take care and be careful these children are looked after well and receive enough support to flourish to best ability. An example of a child who has Autism, the child is not able to concentrate, behave appropriately in particular surrounding and his speech is not clear, a social life or gatherings become difficult because his behaviour is not socially acceptable although it should be comprehendible but hard to cope not only for parents but for child as well because the parents have to watch him every second because in case he gets aggressive towards another child because they may not accept him so might bully him, isolate him, call him names, all this really affects a child behaviour and state of mind and can cause him to use his hands or feet in an unacceptable manner which can create chaos and such bad experiences are hard to come out from. The child due to frustration can than harm himself and also feel neglected and become unstable emotionally too. Now, this child also has speech and language problem which is he stammers when he talks so other children will laugh at him, it builds the inferiority complex as well as breaks confidence and also his feelings will be emotionally tampered upon as he cannot explain or stand for him or herself and this will gather social attention which will be embarrassing for the child and s/he will never want to go to such places again, so we can see the link between social, emotional and behavioural difficulty links with speech, language and communication difficulties. QUESTION 4: Evaluate the role of other professionals play in supporting children with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties. ANSWER: A professional is referred to a child by the Gp, health visitor, the parents raises their concern which is discussed further, consult teacher and work together and than other professional are consulted. The different professionals can be; clinical psychologists, general practitioner, paediatricians and speech and language therapist. Clinical Psychologist; look at the behaviour of the child and then devise a behaviour management plan. They are able to diagnose a medical condition of child such as ADHD, Autism and Down syndrome. General Practitioner; the first professional to be consulted by family when there is a concern about child, will only be able to refer child to appropriate professional. Paediatrician; specialise in child health and development, looks at child well being and consult another professional and provide further help. Speech and Language therapist; if child has communication development, will need SLT support, devise plan and carry out activities which support a child’s speech and language and give parent strategies to follow as well. I would like to share a story I have heard, a teacher named Mrs Thompson who used to enter the class in the morning and say I love you all to the children but she could not feel love for one student in the class because of being very untidy and nothing drew attention from the teacher, she picked him for all negative examples, when she submitted the progress report of the child, head mistress called her and said it supposed to be an improvement report, she said I do not have anything positive and was advised to check previous records, the child’s mother had cancer and she had passed away and lost himself too, she has tears in her eyes and decided to bring a change, she started changing her approach picked that child for all positive examples, the last day of school she received presents from all the children but that child gave her a bottle of perfume and bracelet, as she sprayed the perfume on herself, the child told her now you smell like my mother. This tells us if we all work together for a change it can happen, so each and everyone working with children who have difficulties are playing a great role. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Own ideas College notes Google Search www.leics.gov.uk

I Wish to Study Internal Medicine in the USA Essay -- Medicine College

I Wish to Study Internal Medicine in the USA Medicine appeals to me as a humanistic, challenging field that offers an opportunity to help people in the most vital aspect of their lives; their health. Medicine has passionately appealed to me from my early childhood. I come from a family of doctors. My father, who is my role model, taught me two important aspects in the field of medicine: To reduce suffering & do no harm to patients. With this strong foundation, as my basis and support, entrance into a rural medical school was out of fascination for the intricate human architecture and its functioning. Being constantly in touch with the field of medicine through my father and other fellow doctors and through 6 years of medical school and rotations, I realized that Internal Medicine has evolved as mother of all branches. That is what sparked my interest in pursing a career in Internal Medicine. The basic principal in the art of healing is, to investigate the etiology of a disease, to arrive at a proper diagnosis, to treat the condition appropriately, and more importantly attending to the emotional and psychological aspects of the patients illness. This gives me a great sense of joy and is simply the reason I chose the ever-challenging field of Internal Medicine as my profession. Healing is a universal language. Internal Medicine offers human interactions with the wide spectrum of patients of all age groups and socio-economic status. It requires emphasis on continued care, preventive practices and complex problem solving skills. I believe that an Internist is influential in shaping family dynamics, whether in the case of illness or death or in achievi... ...under the supervision of Dr. Lee Stone. I stayed in touch with current advancement in medicine through medical journals, publication and the Internet. In summation, what I can offer to your institute can be described by my 3D's theory in life. I am, "Determined in doing the best, Dedicated in giving my best, Devoted in performing my best". I can offer your program a motivated, responsible, team player and an enthusiastic person, who is committed to excellence, intelligence, and personal initiative. I am eager to support and promote the fine reputation of your institution. Hence, here I am, standing on the platform of the future, enthusiastic and curious about the world that is yet to be discovered, hoping to develop a strong foundation for the future years in this field.

Gambling and the Brain Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Gambling and the Brain Why do gamblers bet more after they just lost a hand? Why do investors throw good money after bad? Why do people believe that a string of losses makes a win more likely? Why do so many people say that they will win their money back in the next hand? Is part of the appeal of gambling its unpredictability? Or do we just look at it as a way to "get rich quick"? The answer to these questions may lie in the science of the brain. Some studies indicate that gamblers bet more after a loss because they are induced to fix an error. Their brains are telling them they've made a mistake and that they need to correct it (1). These studies could possibly explain other risky acts. If you ask many people why gamble, their response is "it is like a drug" (5). Compulsive gambling is a behavior which may rely on brain circuits that evolved to help animals assess rewards important to their survival. Researchers have found that those same circuits are used by the human brain to assess social rewards. They found that the brain systems that detect and evaluate such rewards generally operate outside of conscious awareness. The study said that much of what happens in the brain goes outside of conscious awareness. There are automatic brain circuits which affect activities such as gambling (2). However, this challenges prior notions which say that people make conscious choices about their everyday decision making. If people can get themselves to work unconsciously, how does the brain really know what it must pay conscious attention to? Also, how did evolution create a brain which makes such distinctions? Experiments performed on animals and humans are showing that the brain has evolved to shape itself according to what it e... ...times.com/ 3)Gambling has drug-like effect on brain,USA Today Newspaper article http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2001-05-24-gambling.htm 4)Gambling—Like Food and Drugs—Produces Feelings of Reward in the Brain , Scientific American http://www.sciam.com/missing.cfm 5)You Bet Gambling Is Addictive , Business Week Online http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/may2001/nf20010531_176.htm 6)The Good, the Bad, and the Anterior Cingulate, Science Journal, Science Magazine http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/295/5563/2193a?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=Gambling&searchid=1017881463081_295&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&fdate=3/1/2002&tdate=3/31/2002 7)The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary Gains and Losses, Science Journal, Science Magazine http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/295/5563/2279

The Avengers Story Map

Story Map Title: The Avengers Author: Joss Whedon Setting: New York City Characters/Actors: – Robert Downey, Jr. as Tony Stark/Iron Man * Chris Evans as Steve Rogers/Captain America * Mark Ruffalo as Bruce Banner/Hulk * Chris Hemsworth as Thor * Scarlett Johansson as Natasha Romanoff/Black Widow * Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton/Hawkeye * Tom Hiddleston as Loki * Clark Gregg as Phil Coulson * Cobie Smulders as Maria Hill * Stellan Skarsgard as Dr. Erik Selvig * Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury Problem: An Asgardian, Loki meets the leader of an alien race known as the Chitauri.In exchange for retrieving the Tesseract, a powerful energy source of unknown potential, the other promises Loki a Chitauri army with which he can subjugate the Earth. Nick Fury, director of the espionage agency  S. H. I. E. L. D. , and his lieutenant Agent Maria Hill  arrive at a remote research facility during an evacuation, where physicist Dr. Erik Selvig is leading a research team experimenting on the Tesseract. Agent Phil Coulson explains that the object has begun radiating an unusual form of energy. The Tesseract suddenly activates and opens a portal, allowing Loki to reach Earth.Loki takes the Tesseract and uses his scepter to enslave Selvig and several agents, including Clint Barton, to aid him in his getaway. Event #1: The  Asgardian Loki  encounters the Other, the leader of an alien race known as the Chitauri. In exchange for retrieving the Tesseract,  a powerful energy source of unknown potential, the Other promises Loki a Chitauri army with which he can subjugate the Earth. Nick Fury, director of the espionage agency S. H. I. E. L. D, and his lieutenant Agent Maria Hill  arrive at a remote research facility during an evacuation, where physicist Dr.Erik Selvig is leading a research team experimenting on the Tesseract. Agent  Phil Coulson explains that the object has begun radiating an unusual form of energy. The Tesseract suddenly activates and opens a portal, a llowing Loki to reach Earth. Loki takes the Tesseract and uses his scepter to enslave Selvig and several agents, including Clint Barton to aid him in his getaway. Event #2: In response to the attack, Fury reactivates the â€Å"Avengers Initiative†. Agent Natasha Romanoff is sent to Calcutta, India  to recruit  Dr.Bruce Banner; Coulson visits  Tony Stark  to have him review Selvig's research; Fury approaches Steve Rogers  with an assignment to retrieve the Tesseract. While Barton steals  iridium  needed to stabilize the Tesseract's power, Loki causes a distraction in  Stuttgart, Germany leading to a confrontation with Rogers, Stark, and Romanoff that ends with Loki's surrender. While Loki is being escorted to S. H. I. E. L. D. ,  Thor, his adoptive brother, arrives and frees him hoping to convince him to abandon his plan and return to Asgard.After a confrontation with Stark and Rogers, Thor agrees to take Loki to S. H. I. E. L. D. ‘s flying aircraft car rier, the  Helicarier. There Loki is imprisoned while scientists Banner and Stark attempt to locate the Tesseract. Event #3: The Avengers become divided, both over how to approach Loki and the revelation that S. H. I. E. L. D. plans to harness the Tesseract to develop weapons as a deterrent  against hostile extra-terrestrials. As the group argues, Barton and Loki's other possessed agents attack the Helicarrier, disabling its engines in flight and causing Banner to transform into the Hulk.Stark and Rogers try to restart the damaged engines, and Thor attempts to stop the Hulk's rampage. Romanoff fights Barton, and knocks him unconscious, breaking Loki's mind control. Loki escapes after killing Coulson and ejecting Thor from the airship, while the Hulk falls to the ground after attacking a S. H. I. E. L. D. fighter jet. Fury uses Coulson's death to motivate the Avengers into working as a team. Stark and Rogers realize that simply defeating them will not be enough for Loki; he needs to overpower them publicly to validate himself as ruler of Earth.Loki uses the Tesseract, in conjunction with a device Selvig built, to open a portal above  Stark Tower  to the Chitauri fleet in space, launching his invasion. Event #4: The Avengers rally in defense of  New York City, but quickly realize they will be overwhelmed as wave after wave of Chitauri descend upon Earth. Rogers, Stark, and Thor evacuate civilians with assistance from Barton, while Banner transforms back into the Hulk and goes after Loki, eventually beating him into submission. Romanoff makes her way to the portal, where Selvig, freed of Loki's control, reveals that Loki's scepter can be used to close the portal.Meanwhile, Fury's superiors attempt to end the invasion by launching a nuclear missile at Manhattan. Stark intercepts the missile and takes it through the portal toward the Chitauri fleet. The missile detonates, destroying the invaders' lead ship which disables their forces on Earth. Stark's sui t runs out of power and he falls back through the portal, but the Hulk saves him from crashing to the ground. Romanoff deactivates the portal to prevent further invasion. In the aftermath, Thor returns Loki and the Tesseract to Asgard. Fury notes that the Avengers will return when they are needed.

Discuss the Relationship Between Great Britain

The years 1750-1776 were very volatile years regarding the relationship between Britain and the North American colonies. A large scale war, taxes, and revolts all played a part in the hostilities between the two nations. Economics, however, may have been the spark that started the fire between the two nations, and might perhaps be the most significant cause of the future conflicts between the North American colonies and Great Britain. The French and Indian war was fought from 1754-1761 primarily between the French with Indian allies and Britain for control of North America.This war was one of the first wars that would be fought on a global scale requiring more resources to aid in the war effort. Britain poured very large sums of money into the war in order to protect the colonists. By the end of the war, after Britain’s victory and the signing of the treaty of Paris of 1763, Britain had expended much of its resources. Americans, after hearing the news of Britain’s victo ry in the war, were readily making plans to venture westward into newly acquired lands. Britain, fearing that Indians would attack the colonies, quickly passed the proclamation of 1763 prohibiting settlement west of the Appalachians.Doing this was one effort to prevent future conflicts that would in turn require Britain to utilize more of its resources. Britain had dug an economic hole so deep that it would require vast amounts of dirt to refill it. Where was the money to come from? The Americans, having barely supported the war effort, would become the mule that was to carry the burden. The war was in fact fought to protect the colonies; thereby the colonists should have to pay for the money that was used for their own defense. Britain embraced this idea and started passing tax acts and enforced the navigation acts.Of the acts that were passed to raise tax revenue the first was the Sugar Act. This act placed a tax on all sugar that was imported into the colonies. Another act that w as passed was the stamp act which placed taxes on playing cards, marriage licenses and other printed goods. The colonists showed fierce resentment to this as they eventually formed the stamp act congress. As seen in Document B sections III and IV the colonists believed that they did not need to pay these taxes as they were not even being implemented by their own government.Other forms of resentment would arise as groups known as the sons of liberty and daughters of liberty would be formed. In document C it is shown that the sons of liberty were a group of common townsfolk workers. These men and women would cry for liberty, no stamps, and property as they believed that they should not have to pay for the taxes. They also enforced nonimportation agreements to make other fellow colonists support their cause to rebel against the mother country. The navigation acts also posed as a serious threat to the colonists as they forced trade specifically between them and England exempting other c ountries from the trade.This was a major economic problem for the colonists as they were not able to sell goods to other countries as they could possibly obtain larger profits as they could sell more goods and at higher prices. In document D Benjamin Franklin talks about how the colonists are restricted to trade with England except for the smuggling that occurs between Spanish and colonial trade. He feels that some action should be taken that would eventually better the colonies economically. Overall, economics were the roots of the weeds that had been planted by Britain sparking a major conflict that cost them an entire nation.

Blakes The Songs of Innocence

The innocence Break song appeared in the first 1784 novel Moon Island Black poetry Innocent Innocence Black Poetry appeared. In 1788, black began to collect carefully written innocent songs. By 1789, the original number of plates was completed. These poems are products of the human heart, innocence, imagination and happiness, and natural euphoria of freedom from the outside or contamination. After the end of the innocent song, Blake said Marriage of heaven and hell It is this dilemma of witness, goodness and evil and suffering on London's street, he wrote songs of experience . William Blake (1757 - 1827) poet, writer and mystical. Break wrote innocent songs songs of experience, four zoos and Jerusalem. Black is considered a classic, romantic poet, but his style of poetry and The mysterious experience of the natural growth of romanticism has not had a major impact. Members of Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772 - 1834) British romantic poet and poet of lake. Ancient Mariner Lime, famous po ems of Coleridge including Christabel and Kuubra Khan. Coleridge helped the UK bring German idealistic concepts. (An important aspect of romanticism) William Blake's Lamb and Tiger William Blake's innocent opponent and experience songs include a part of his most famous poems, such as lamb and songs of experience from inexperable songs Tiger. Two verses, designed to reflect pure religion, create contrastive views, is to explore the Tiger good link between good and evil. Black tests the opposition of good and evil using contrast images and symbols. This article aims to show the relationship between innocence and William Blake's song experience. Whether it is a song song or an innocent experience, the mirror of society insists on break, the song of experience is the mirror of the dark side. It is a state of innocence and experience, two aspects of human soul: Break song shows two areas of imagination. These two states are different observation methods. Northrop  · Fry wants to see th e innocence of the world Break is an active man with a mind and body .... It turns out that it is included, he is not a profession, the rest of the minute Changed. Armageddon is a word used to describe William Blake's work whether it is a poem, an art or a story. Very important in my time, I believe his work is stronger and will resonate in today's society. From Blake's most famous Innocent World which is one of the most productive in the history of text, I see the world, one of the poetry of the following poem

Should women be allowed to be drafted in the military Research Proposal

Should women be allowed to be drafted in the military - Research Proposal Example By means of banning women from warfare also damages their military professions. Even if women merely accounts for a small fraction of the military, they still perform a most important role. Their functioning has generated assistance from the public for boosting the responsibility of females inside the military. America is not the sole country that has concerns with women inside the military. Army examiners have come up with an innovative study which concludes that, as soon as a woman is appropriately trained she happens to be as tough as a man (Women in Combat). Several explorers after examining how women functions in these standings came to the similar conclusion. Their presentation has led the world to apprehend that women are exceptionally useful in warfare. Even if many females are not enthusiastic to go into combat, still there are women who is capable and desire to go accomplish the job. Nowadays, the modern civilization has begun to obtain cognizance of the budding function of women inside a more multifaceted world of male adjusted professions. Modifications in viewpoints have turned out to be more perceptible although some still anticipates a few of them to formulate it. On the other hand, those who are unconditionally fated to be successful have mounted similarly with their male equivalents. Women are at present are being observed to propagate even inside the planet of men in uniform. Be enough to declare that they have plagued almost every space inside this society.   They appear to eat very similar food. They make use of the same sink. They sleep together inside one barracks, though in detached cubicles, also they even utilize the similar screeching steel bunks. They jog within the same speed; they sweat at any time where everybody sweats. They go anywhere everybody goes. They satisfy themselves towards an atmosphere where a life of soothe and freedom is all too far away from reality. In brief, they too, may