Case Analysis: Profitability of Wendy’s Chilli Essay

How does television cause violent behavior? Essay

How does TV cause brutal conduct? Great inquiry. All individuals stare at the TV yet just some of them utilize vicious conduct. TV is an icon of the advanced days. Sitting in front of the TV is an encounter shared by most by far of kids and grown-ups, people, rich and destitute individuals. It is advantageous, modest, accessible and appealing. TV can engage us and can show us some helpful or futile things. Too every now and again it is utilized even as a substitute for different exercises. Exercises like savagery. For the most the brutality is appalling, ugly and †¦ prohibited thing. We can see it in the roads, back rear entryways, school, and even at home. Be that as it may, the primary wellspring of savagery in our life is TV. Youngsters are the most defenseless gathering for impact of the TV savagery. Seeing a great deal of viciousness on TV can lead them to carry on forcefully. I read tale around a 16-year-old kid who broke into a basement in the city of New York. At the point when the police got him and asked him for what good reason he was wearing gloves he answered that he had figured out how to do as such to not leave fingerprints and that he found this on TV. Be that as it may, TV brutality doesn't influence just child’s youth; it can likewise influence their adulthood. This can constrain the youngster into a sort of untimely development. As the youngster develops into a grown-up, he can get dumbfounded; have a more noteworthy doubt towards others, a shallow way to deal with grown-up issues, and even a reluctance to turn into a grown-up. In Alabama, a nine-year-old kid got an awful report card from his instructor. He recommended sending the educator harmed candy as retribution as he had seen on TV the prior night. This youthful Borja plausible will have issues with peace promotion later on. It will be simpler for him to consider noxious sweets or another Kunststueck than to confront the contention and discover astute arrangement (for example learn subject better). I am asked why individuals discover the savagery that they can see on TV more appealing than the viciousness in the city. Likely when we sit close to the TV screen, in security and solace, our interest make us to look to the ugly highlights of human relationship? We realize that those pools of blood, blasts, manly control or merciless words are a long way from our perspiration home. However, kids don’t consistently understand this isn't how thing are taken care of, in actuality. They generally expect it, and when they don’t see it the world gets insipid and needing brutality. The kids at that point can make the savagery that their psyche pines for. A seven-year-old Californian kid sprinkled ground-up glass into the sheep stew the family was to have for supper. When inquired as to why he did it he answered that he needed to check whether the outcomes would be the equivalent, in actuality, as they were on television.Television sends not just messages about energizing universe of undertakings and viciousness. It offers good example which youngster can attempt to put on. Youngsters locate the savage characters on TV enjoyable to copy. This could be an issue for kids in the enormous urban areas, where forceful conduct is increasingly worthy. I don't feel sure that there are no sex idiosyncrasies of TV viciousness sway on the adolescent. Presumably, young men are increasingly delicate to this effect. They see legends who become their good examples. They acknowledge that it is cool to convey a programmed weapon and use it to knock off the trouble makers. I never had Kalashnikov or M-16 programmed rifle however I saw wonderful film †Bowling for Colombine†¦Fortunately, there were created programs for parents’ and youngsters training to forestall horrible impacts of watching viciousness TV. We encourage to restrain TV seeing time to 1 to 2 hours every day, to control substance of TV shows and motion pictures viewing by kids, to talk about with youngsters issues of rough conduct and ways how to tackle issues without brutality. I propose not palliative but rather progressively extreme preventive measure †don't stare at the TV by any stretch of the imagination. Today American kids invest close to TV more energy than they spend in school. They watch kid's shows, motion pictures and shows with the brutality. Youngsters should stop it and read more books. Without savagery, obviously.

6 Simple Tips for Writing an Amazing Fight Scene

6 Simple Tips for Writing an Amazing Fight Scene If youve reached the point of writing a big fight scene in your novel and are struggling, dont worry. Thats just your intuition as a writer telling you to take a minute and really think about what you want to do here.Conflict in literature isnt just a plot pointâ€"its a vehicle to move a story forward, to reveal important character traits, and eventually, to achieve catharsis at the end. Knowing this, when its time to write a scene involving major conflict, particularly a fight scene, its important to take a minute to step back and evaluate what needs to happen with that scene to make it effective. And beyond effectiveâ€"you need to take a step back to consider what needs to happen to make it memorable.What makes a memorable fightAnyone who has ever read the fight scene between Inigo Montoya and Westly in William Goldings The Princess Bride has read one of the most memorable fight scenes in literature.The man in black stood.You seem a decent fellow, Inigo said. I hate to kill you.You seem a decent fellow, answered the man in black. I hate to die.But one of us must, Inigo said. Begin.And so saying he took the six-fingered sword.And put it into his left hand.William Goldings The Princess BrideWhat follows is a series of specialized sword attacks and subtleties that, across approximately seven pages, is one of the most memorable fight scenes of modern literature. And since Golding wrote the screenplay to the movie adaptation of the book, its just as good on film.Obviously, writing a fight scene can be one of the most intimidating parts of your story to write. So, lets look at a few tips for making your fight scene memorable.1. Make it more than just a fightYour fight scene should, above all else, be a moment when your protagonist confronts the antagonist (or minor henchmen/bad guys) and reveals important information about them both. As youll notice in the scene from The Princess Bride, the dialogue that occurs between the two characters is a kind of meta, fairytal e-esque example of what makes all memorable fight scenes stand out from the rest.Consider the final fight between Darth Vader and Luke Skywalker in The Empire Strikes Back. The famous No, I am your father line not only changed the protagonistâ€"it revealed something startling about the antagonist, thus developing both characters significantly within fight dialogue.2. Choose a great settingThe fight scenes in The Princess Bride and The Empire Strikes Back have something else in commonâ€"they both take place in great settings.This tip is a little tricky because in addition to choosing a great setting, you have to avoid too much description of the setting while the fight is taking place. Too much description not only slows the pace (which is usually the last thing you want to do when a confrontation is taking place), but it detracts the readers attention from the character development that needs to happen.Youll notice in both The Princess Bride and The Empire Strikes Back, we see the s etting of the epic fight scenes before the actual fights take place. This gave the writer (and director) time to reveal details about the great location that would soon be the setting of the upcoming fight scene.3. Dont over-describe movementsIn the same sense that using the fight scene to write a lot of setting description will slow down the action, over describing the fight itself will have the same effect. Instead of doing this, use as many action words (verbs) as possible while keeping descriptive words (adjectives and adverbs) minimal.Youll also want to avoid giving your readers a blow-by-blow account of every moment in the fight. Keep in mind these simple rulesâ€"make it powerful and quick, choosing emotion over extensive setting or movement description. Let your reader fill in some of these details in their own imaginations and it will keep the pace of your fight scene on track.4. Include emotion and dialogueYour first impression when reading that heading might be, but wait, wont emotion and dialogue slow the pace during fight scenes? Again, think back to the pivotal fight between Darth Vader and Luke Skywalker when Vader finally admits that Luke is his son. Think about the pauses for effect and how dialogueâ€"in small dosesâ€"increased the tension during the fight in ways that only emotional dialogue can.As for emotion, dont falsely assume that the only way to show emotion is to describe it. Here is a moment when it is even more important than ever to show, dont tell, when you write. Think about the ways your characters can show their emotions through physical responseâ€"heart pounding, blood racing, grip tightening responses.5. Be realisticWith the almost meta moments happening throughout Goldings novel, realism wasnt his goal. We all know that in the real world, two opponents wouldnt carry on such witty banter as they try to win against the other. However, unless youre writing a Golding-esque Fantasy with elements of satire, keep your fight scenes as realistic as possible to keep your readers turning pages.Here are a few ways to ensure that your fight scenes are written as realistically as possible:Research the weapons your characters would most likely be using based on their job/role. If youre going to be using sophisticated weaponry or black-market technology, make sure you know it well by doing as much research as possible. While you dont want to go overboard on descriptions of these weapons or hi-tech gadgets, realistically mentioning them during the scene will make your fight more believable.Avoid over-use of dialogue and make sure that what is said has a purpose of either advancing the plot forward or revealing important character traits.Dont allow your character to have superhuman traits (unless its a superhero story), such as fighting off 12 guys at once or dodging bullets. This kind of unrealistic fighting should only take place when characterization requires it, such as stories of people with superhuman strength or sc ience fiction, in which an alternate universe or setting allows the laws of physics to be avoided.6. Know the purpose of the fightFinally, lets discuss the fights purpose and why youve chosen to write one in the first place. Before we do this, however, ask yourself this very important question: Am I throwing in a fight just to make the book exciting?If your answer to that question is yes, youd be better off thinking of other ways to ramp up the tension in your book. Sometimes a simple, menacing conversation between the antagonist and protagonist is all it takes to create conflict and tension. If your fights sole purpose is to build tension rather than the other tips Ive covered, it could very well be a distraction that doesnt do anything for your plot building and should be avoided.A fight is the perfect moment to reveal important things about your characters and create reader excitement, especially in interesting settings. However, its also a literal representation of conflict, and should be used with the utmost caution if you want your book to be a bestseller that readers cant put down. A fight for the sake of a fight gets old fastâ€"give your readers more in your fight scenes and theyll turn out better than you ever expected they could.

Analysis Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( Mri ) Based Three...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) based three dimensional reconstruction has been used successfully to evaluate the female pelvic floor muscles and tissues in women with and without pelvic floor dysfunction [1, 2]. Furthermore, MR based 3D reconstructed models have been used to generate finite-element and element free computational models suitable for simulating vaginal child-birth [3, 4], offering insight into risk factors for childbirth related pelvic floor injury. The Finite Element Method has also been used to evaluate anterior vaginal wall support, and the mechanisms underlying cystocele formation [5]. Precise segmentation of pelvic magnetic resonance images (MRI) is an important step in building the three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed structural models suitable for computational analysis. Segmentation consists of outlining each organ or tissue of interest from the underlying grayscale images on each slice in the dataset. The 3D reconstructed models are currently generated from manually segmented label-maps, which currently require multiple hours of tedious manual segmentation to produce each reconstructed 3D model. This manual segmentation bottleneck limits the number of computational models that can be reliably produced in a timely manner, thereby limiting the number of study subjects available for the kind of statistical comparisons that can potentially lead to clinically meaningful insight. In addition, the structures of the female pelvic floor are very complexShow MoreRelatedSinus And Skull Base Surgery1628 Words   |  7 Pagessurrounding FESS have resulted in intra-operative Image-Guidance Systems (IGS) to improve outcomes in complex skull base procedures. A principal limitation of the endoscopic endonasal approach is the availability of only a two-dimensional view, with surgeons instead localising instruments based partly on their depth of penetration and tactile sensation. The restricted nat ure of the sinonasal tract and the complex arrangement of adjacent vital structures (carotid artery, optic nerve, dura mater and brain), aRead MoreAnalysis : Convolution Of Kernel Matrixes 1949 Words   |  8 PagesMatrixes Abstract I. INTRODUCTION Medical imaging is a technique used to recreate images coming from different devices. These visualizations of the interior structure of the body are of great importance in regards to the medical field, because these images are used for diagnosing or treating several diseases. In addition, medical imaging is a powerful tool that helps to in analyzing mechanical and chemical properties of an organ or tissue. In fact, medical imaging made it possible to identify diverseRead MoreComputer Aided Diagnosis Systems For Infectious Diseases Essay1998 Words   |  8 Pagesradiology spanning from development of computer aided diagnosis systems for infectious diseases to general image analysis techniques in MRI, CT, PET, and histology images, and development of image enhancement and reconstruction methods both in clinical, pre-clinical, and technical fields [11-65]. His works appeared in top-tier journals such as Nature Communications, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Journal of Virology, J ournal of Pathology, and MICCAI. Related to tasks of specific aim 2 and 3, Dr. BagciRead MoreThe Definite Haemodynamic Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Hypertension7200 Words   |  29 Pagesand cost implications diagnostic algorithms have been devised that combines clinical assessment, non-imaging cardio-respiratory assessment and non-invasive imaging in patients suspected of having pulmonary hypertension. The initial aim is to establish a tentative diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, to assess its severity and to identify the underlying aetiology. Subsequently non-invasive imaging techniques are used in monitoring disease progression as well as response to treatment in patients with

Essay about august wilson biography - 498 Words

August Wilson nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Any person that can rise up from the bottom rung of the ladder to the top is able to achieve great things in life. Renowned playwright August Wilson, a winner of two Pulitzer Prizes, and other awards for his work, is an example of such persons. He grew up in a lower class black family, faced the difficulties of an African American, and turned himself into the great writer he is. August Wilson was born Frederick August Kittel on April 27, 1945 to Daisy Wilson and Frederick Kittel. His father was a German immigrant, who rarely visited his family. His mother had walked up from North Carolina to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania on foot where she cared for August and his five other siblings, while at the same†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It was then that he began to pursue a writing career. At the time he got his first typewriter, he was also introduced to the blues and the black rights movement, of which both had great influences on his writing. Also during that time, he dropped his birth father’s name. Though he was unable to succeed in poetry, he was able to transition himself into a successful playwright. After visiting a friend in St. Paul, Minnesota, he decided to stay. At the urging of his friend, he wrote his first play, Jitney, set in a gypsy-cab station, and another following that, Fullerton Street. Only afterwards was he able to concentrate solely on composing, eventually producing Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom, his breakthrough product, which was based on a blues singer Gertrude â€Å"Ma† Rainey. Then he wrote Joe Turner’s Come and Gone, and Fences, which was based on his stepfather who could not gain a football scholarship because of his ethnicity. August Wilson’s plays relate directly to his African heritage, and were and are a part of his success. His expression of the struggles of the blacks Bibliography quot;August Wilson.quot; Gale Group. Thomson Gale. 23 Feb. 2005 quot;Literature Online Chapter 43 -- Biography.quot; Student Resources. 2001. Pearson Education. 23 Feb. 2005 lt; http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/kennedycompact_awl/chapter43/objectives/deluxe-content.html gt;. Rawson, Chris.Show MoreRelatedFences : A Reflection Of The Life Of August Wilson887 Words   |  4 PagesFences: A Reflection of The Life Of August Wilson The award winning play Fences is not just a work of fiction from the mind of August Wilson, but rather it is the reflections of a middle-aged man on his adolescent years. The majority of characters, places, and events are mirrored after real-life people, places, and history from Pittsburgh where Wilson grew up. 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August Wilson was an author who realized this and was able to create a fusion of music as a support of the major theme in his play Fences. The way the author uses music to highlight the main theme of discrepancies between liberalism and conservatism not onlyRead MoreAugust Wilson : The Playwright Or Philosopher?2077 Words   |  9 PagesAugust Wilson: The Playwright or Philosopher? August Wilson was one of the most accomplished African-American playwrights of this century and was one of only seven to win the Pulitzer Prize. He dedicated his entire career to documenting the 20th century struggles of African-Americans in a cycle of ten plays. He completed the cycle shortly before he died on October 2, 2005. His plays were themed around The Middle Passage, The Underground Railroad, The Emancipation Proclamation, Reconstruction andRead More1950s Music Motown: The History of Motowns Greatest Stars Essays1546 Words   |  7 Pagesiconic places such as Hitsville USA. 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Research in Practice Free Essays

string(120) " EU such as Poland, eventually creating potential strategies for establishment of a business in this specific industry\." Introduction Population growth and issues such as globalisation are the main drivers behind an increase in demand in the food sector. According to the USDA (2012), â€Å"Processed soybeans are the world’s largest source of animal protein feed and the second largest source of vegetable oil†. This can be used as an indicator that there is a constant demand for soybean in the food industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Research in Practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Whilst it is a fact that the US are leaders in soy production, according to a study by the IDEI (2012), soybean is mainly imported into the EU as there is high demand and a large variety of products that are made with or from soybean. In fact, demand exceeds its production (0.9 million tons/year) and imports reach around 30-35 million tons per year. France, for example, produces approximately 140,000 tons per year and imports around 4 million tons of soybean meals for animal consumption, including 0.5 million tons of seeds. This type of issue has external and internal factors that could influence the PESTEL factor of governments within the EU. This is especially pertinent in Poland where economic dependency is on imports or on a small number of key suppliers. Nevertheless, different issues can be analysed in order to identify these types of problems, but one of the main factors is the controversy of GM and non-GM soybeans. The EU legislations refer to the non-authorization of the GM soybean and other GM crops in the EU, and authorization of high levels of import of GM soybean. This eventually means that 50% of soybean meals imported include GM. Nevertheless, issues such as the supply chain and the end consumers tend to be interested in healthier foods, and where the place of the soy protein ingredients could take place. Therefore, the study of the supply chain and adaptation of appropriate strategies may affect the increase in efficiency and profitability. Literature Review Focusing on the concept of supply chain, there are several studies aimed at understanding where a common view on the supply chain is found. For example, according to Simchi-Levi et. al (2007), it is clearly seen that the supply chain involves developing an efficiency for all of the inputs, while going through a process of transformation and coming up with the outputs using the best possible strategy. This has led to the development of new tactics and strategies in terms of operational and planning processes of the supply chain (Simchi-Levi et al., 2004) Nonetheless, Kreipl and Pinedo (2004) have discussed that in order to achieve a successful operation, there should be a decent planning of supply chain and goal setting. With an account of the whole structure of the organisation including micro and macro technological and financial factors (Lambert Cooper, 2000; Bowersox et al., 2002), the supply chain is being studied in many different variations such as strategic and tactics. However, in simple business conceptuality, it is mainly about receiving minimum costs and predicting movement of the business. In order to be more specific, according to various researchers, there are five main factors that are involved with supply chain management such as the use of outsource teams (Bal et al, 1999) and according to Christopher (2000), the incorporation of processes which spread the risks but also the income. This can lead to better ICT skills (Morash, 2001) and also helps with a long-term relationship with the suppliers (Schonsleben, 2000). On the other hand, there are cases where wrong planning and expectation lead to relationship issues between partners and therefore, the production process. In order to ensure these issues are avoided, a coordination of the managers in different departments should be presented (GEMI, 2004). According to Anderson and Tushman (1990) and Christensen (2003), it might be overlapped by being more innovatively structured within the existing market, or as Griffin and Page (1996) argue, being new in the market in terms of the first mover. On the other hand, Sebastiao and Golicic (2008) combine the two views and argue that the success of a company is based on the development of the supply chain such as the dynamics of the market. Frazelle (2002) states that the entire organisation across the supply chain should co-ordinate in order to maximise shareholder and customer cost through methods such as analysis of the measurement from operations, vertical integration which collaborates the logistics and logistics services. The changes in international business have led to changes in the supply chain and pose many questions towards these changes and the strategies that should be taken by companies (Christopher, 2005), Hopkin (2010) adds to this perception and argues that supply chain management becomes even more important due to global business. Nontheless, according to Bozart and Handfield (2006), the company’s survival depends on the way that the supply chain managers operate it. The leading point of supply chain managers is the ability to create a competitive advantage (Klassen and Johnson, 2004). Lavoie (2005) provides an example of the agricultural product, wheat, in which the importance of the supply chain and the logistical performance are more dynamic in than simply the competition even though the process differs due to difference in handing and supply chain process. The price differs by grade of protein and other characteristics. According to the USDA, forecasts for vegetable protein demand in 2011 have grown compared to previous years which means that the availability of meal from South America might be lowered and this might be seen as opportunity for the USA to expand its share of the Polish soybean meal. (Agata Kingsbury, 2011) Thesis statement The main aim of this research is to allocate the supply chain of the soybean in Poland, the main producers, especially the main consumers and customers, and to allocate gaps in the market which could be seen as emerging business opportunities. There should be an understanding of the latest data and the major stakeholders of this particular market and industry. This could eventually identify gaps in the market, and might be a useful tool for market research in emerging members of the EU such as Poland, eventually creating potential strategies for establishment of a business in this specific industry. You read "Research in Practice" in category "Essay examples" The following research could be conducted with secondary and primary research which is available through major agricultural institutions and different major players of the market, such as traders but mainly comes from the users of the Soybean in Poland. There will be a comparison with Non-EU markets as they are part of the stakeholders and exporters. With the allocation of the existing organisations in Poland, there might be an outcome for potential markets. There will therefore be primary research such as interviews with professionals included. Methodology Philosophy of Study The two following philosophies of Positivism and Interpretivism are going to be examined during the research of the emerging opportunities in the Polish market with soybeans. The first theory will be looking at other theories and attempting to generalise them through looking at their outcomes both in and observable social reality which eventually can lead to gathering of relevant data such as by looking at the market performance in Poland and trying to relate it to the concept of growth in the market and possible market gaps in EU food industry (Remenyi et al., 1998). On the other hand, there will be the use of an interpretivistic approach throughout the analysis of the interviews with the different Soybean producers and traders in Poland and other countries in the EU so as to non-EU members such as Ukraine, and finally, when evaluating the research findings based on the interviews for the industry professionals. Approach This research will mainly analyse business opportunities in the Polish Soybean market in the food production sector and is going to be conducted using the inductive approach. According to Bryman and Bell (2007), this particular method is the relationship between theory and the research that is being undertaken and finally, trying to evaluate and create a theory or concept out of the research. As in this particular research, there will be an analysis and study of the soybean in Poland and attempts to evaluate the issues that might relate to theory and concept which are the possibilities to market opportunities in Poland as an EU member, possibly become a European leader in producing soybean food products and potentially create possible strategies to develop the Soybean food industry in Poland by learning its implications and potential growth. Purpose of Research Explanatory research tends to be conducted by the researcher as the initial research requires the use of a decent amount of surveys to indicate the main topics for subsequent research. Consequently, I will conduct research of emerging possibilities in the Soybean industry in Poland and the EU and its possible growth and development, possibly finding challenges in the market of the food industry in Poland by looking at data analysis, eventually being able to develop a strategized correlation. Therefore, the qualitative data that will be researched may allow this understanding and will adopt a clear vision of possibilities at relatively new markets. This particular method could be seen the most appropriate out of the three methods for this type of study (Lee, Collier Cullen, 2007) Research Design As the main research focuses on the Soybean market in Poland and its effect on the food industry in Poland and the EU, I will be studying these particular industries and their potential growth and strategic analysis and finally, recommendations. Therefore, the study will involve a case study of large multinational companies that are mainly controlling the industry in term of their size and pricing. These companies include Cargill, Topfer, Bunge, Desmet Ballesetra, EuroFin and other possible American and EU organisations that can be found throughout the duration of the research. According to Saunders et al., there is a need for using various companies for research in order to gain a better understanding and establish the relevant data necessary for the research. The Mmin purpose in the collection date from these companies is due to the fact that they are deeply involved in the market and have strong forces of influence on it. An important factor is to interview these companies and their regional director in order to begin to create an image of the Polish soybean market and its supply chain, and finding the reasons of why and what could be done better. Another important issue is why Polish is being studied and this is due to the fact that it is relatively new market and a new member of the EU with large potential in terms of development and its geographical and logistical preferences. Sample Size In this particular research, the sample will consist mainly of the Polish Soybean market and companies motioned above that are operated in Poland. As these soybean companies in Poland are European members, there will be an analysis of the EU soybean market and the main aspects of the supply chain of this particular business. I expect the sample size to grow over the period of this research. Secondary Research As mentioned earlier, there will be a study of the supply chain of the business. Therefore, there is a need to provide secondary data drawing on books on supply chain, statistics of worldwide agricultural figures and changes, and journal articles of the companies’ performance. In order to indicate the performance of the market and any potential gaps in Polish soybean market which eventually could lead to credible data for business strategy, there will be other sources that are provided by the case study such as reports and presentations of new strategies and their supply chain. Primary Research Furthermore, there is a need to research primary data, based on direct interactions with the studied area and the main companies involved in the industry. There is also a need to study the agricultural polish department in terms of regulation and understanding the actual business in terms of legality, and to eventually conduct an analysis based on primary findings from processing companies in the food industry in Poland in the case of the Non-GMO soybeans. In this particular research, the most suitable method for primary research is a direct interview technique which consist of mostly semi-structured interviews. There will be five interviews in total that will be taken during the summer of 2013. One interview will take place with the CEO of the multinational company Bunge and another interview will be conducted with the CEO of other similar company; MNC Toepfer. In both interviews, the main focus of the conversation will be the relationship of companies in Poland on their activates of business in Poland, from their trading perspective and so as manufacturing and relationship with local producers. Such as their supply chain, or challenges that they face in this field in Poland, so as their main reasons for entering these specific markets. Another interview will take place with a non EU member but also a major importer to Europe of Non-GMO soybean. This is the Ukrainian company ATK. The main aspect of this interview is to research the soybean market in terms of its production in the EU and the main concerns of food producers. Geographically, Ukraine has a potential for business in Poland with the Soybean, especially as Ukraine is one of the largest agricultural exporters in the world Two more interviews will be conducted with the Polish Soybean Extracting company Zlato Zerno and one with the Agricultural Ministry office in Poland. These interviews will be conducted to understand the actual concept of Non-GMO and the role of soy in the food sector in Poland and the EU. In terms of reliability and validity of the data, there may be couple of challenges such as whether the companies would like to provide the needed information, and if so, whether it would be based on academic material and world financial organisations such as the USDA. Ethical Issues The main ethical issues that might arise involve the primary research. When companies are studied, particularly private enterprises where there is a lack of transparency, there might be protection of particular data. Another factor is that most of the interviews are going to be conducted in foreign languages such as Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian and therefore, there will be a need for translation in order to avoid misunderstanding of the cultural differences in terms of language. Resources When referring back to the primary research, there are a variety of places that the interviews are going to take place in such as Warsaw, Kiev, Krakow, and potentially in Belgium. Interviews will take place over a two-month period of summer and shall end in London for evaluations.and further interviews on Skype or via e-mails. Conclusion Considering the growth of globalisation, the increase of border-free trade between different countries, the dramatic increase in migration and population growth and the rise in concern for healthier products and a more sustainable environment, there is a need for food processing with constant growth in this particular area. This particular research is aimed at covering the knowledge in this industry and sphere, so as to conduct strategic analysis and eventually to make outcomes on the development of the food industry in Poland, within the context of Non-GMO soybean, and its potential growth, by looking at Poland and so as Europe and non European member which are geographically European. Bibliography Anderson, P., and Tushman, M.L. 1990. ‘‘Technological Discontinuities and Dominant Designs: A Cyclical Model of Technological Change.’’ Administrative Science Quar- terly 25:604–33. Babcock, B.A Beghin, J. (1999). Potential Market for Non-GMO Corn and Soybeans. Available: http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/18294/1/bp990027.pdf. Last accessed 15th Apr 2013. Bal, J., Wilding, R. Gundry, J. (1999).†Virtual Teaming in the agile Supply Chain,† International Journal of Logistics Management, 10(2). 71-82 Banaszkiewicz, T . (2011). 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Mastering Audio free essay sample

Music, in most of its styles and forms that is targeting commercial distribution now undergoes a ? nal process of transformation and quality veri? cation known as Mastering. For those working within the audio industry, this process is an unavoidable step to pass through. The role of the mastering engineer is almost unknown and often unheard of. This status of the mastering process has over the years gathered itself an almost mythical status in the industry. The art itself is quite often misunderstood and in certain cases considered unimportant. Through this essay I hope to explore further into the role of the mastering process and the position it has held over decades with changes in styles, technology and mediums of media distribution. Mastering is the set of activities in the audio chain between the ? nal production of the music on an intermediary format and its transfer to a distribution format. (Dominique Bassal, 2005) ! During the early days, the process of mastering was not a separate discipline that was followed by a different engineer. We will write a custom essay sample on Mastering Audio or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A recording engineer’s pro? le would involve recording onto a disc cutting lather. Before the year 1925, the tools used to cut records was unsophisticated and worked in a fairly mechanical manner without the use of electricity. By the 1930’s the advent of electricity in the audio industry like many other markets changed the way media was recorded, processed and ? nally distributed. The rise of the radio stations, microphones and the ampli? cation of the stylus that was previously driven just by a diaphragm into an acoustical horn has changed the way mastering works. The discs cut onto wax were used as stampers to press 78rpm discs using shellac-composite. This was the method of cutting/producing records before the advent of tape. Mastering/cutting Engineer ! Post the second world war, the recording of tape and micro groove LP were ? rst introduced. The introduction of tape recording changed the norm of master recordings almost always being cut direct to disc. This was the beginning of a separate engineer being in charge of using the session tapes to cut master discs. This person was not initially known as a mastering engineer but a â€Å"dubbing engineer† or rather â€Å"transfer engineer†. â€Å"mastering was a black art practiced by technical curmudgeons who mysteriously made the transfer from the electronic medium of magnetic audio tape to the physical medium of vinyl. † (Owsnski, 2007) Tejas Nair 106552 205. 1 BAP250. 1 Mastering Essay ! This change brought about the industrial belief that the process of cutting the master discs from recording session tapes was not a very different technical skill than the vinyl pressing operation. ! The biggest problem as such with vinyl has been to safeguard the largest possible part of the audio ? delity of the master tape, by troubleshooting and working around the numerous downfalls and obstacles brought about by the medium itself. The technology of cutting vinyl from tape came with its own set of limitations to a huge degree. To explain the groove on the record, the thickness of the hair carries pitch and tonal information laterally and the amplitude information vertically. ! The problems brought about by this system was that the bass frequencies would drastically affect the total width of the groove. This in turn would affect the determined length of the information being cut onto the vinyl. the thickness of the vinyl similarly affected the dynamic range available for each cut. The recording onto analog tape helped with these ? aws to a certain extent through having a tendency to roll off the distinctly sharp high intensity transients. This tendency was due to the saturation that occurred when hit with too much level, which would result in the stylus jumping out of groove or often burn the disc cutter head itself. ! Around this time larger record companies dealing with pop music were prioritizing the automation of the tape to disk transfer as much as possible in the interest of production ef? ciency. One of the biggest advancements this brought about was the possibility to determine the thickness of the grooves using analog computer circuitry. It eventually brought about the possibility of having record sides of up to, and in some cases beyond, 30 minutes. The equipment being used for the mastering process also had to be speci? cally developed for use in record production. The idea behind this was to protect the companies from the expensive cutter heads blowing up as well as to ensure a more quality consistent product.! The birth of the Mastering Plant ! It was not long before a few engineers in this industry realized that there might me a market out there for mastering that is done with superior care and skill. This brought about the birth of the ? rst independent mastering lab in Los Angeles during the late 60’s. The art of mastering became more about the attention to detail, skillful use of the highest grade equipment available and a devotion to artistic satisfaction. This trend soon grew into a business where a master tape sent to a mastering plant run by a credible engineer such as Bob Ludwig, Doug Sax or Bob Katz would result in a disc that sounded phenomenal. It was during this time that the name of the mastering engineer was listed on to the credits of the albums. Tejas Nair 106552 205. 1 BAP250. 1 Mastering Essay Mastering trivia: ! â€Å"A signi? cant step in this extension of the role of the mastering engineer, even if ephemeral and exclusively linked to a speci? c musical style, was the dance mix fad, today devolved, in a modi? ed form, to the DJ. A rhythmic pop song is delivered to the mastering studio with, along with its of? cial mix, a series of excerpts, sub-mixes of rhythm sections, solo voices, etc. The mastering engineer constructs an extended version of the song, destined for, among others, nightclubs, adding as required supplemental effects and even sounds from other sources. † (Dominique Bassal, 2005) Mastering today ! Mastering is still very much a part of the industry, although most of them no longer cut master discs from analog reel tape. The CD generation has de? nitely caused a huge change in the mastering process. This process is now known as mastering where the recording in its ? nal stage is brought in recorded on to a digital medium and is then sent for pressing. ! In the older days, each record company would have its own in house engineers working to a pre determined standard set by the company itself. These standards were for the calibration of recorders, level and metering standards, interfacing and conversion equipment, etc. A number of engineers would also custom build some of the equipment used in their studio. This time saw that the tapes that were sent to these mastering studios could have a consistency to quality and ? delity. The order of the songs on the record, short pauses between tracks and equalization would have already been dealt with. ! Today the mastering business is a very different market compared to back then. The material for an album made these days could have been sourced from a variety of different places, ranging from large studio rooms to a bedroom studio. The mixing on the record could have been done using just a computer and sometimes by the artist themselves. These changes make it a completely contrasting market to when the big record companies were around. It opens a new realm of artistic space to play with as well. This freedom however also affected the technical aspects of the production. ! It is due to these reasons that mastering engineers began to expect their clients to provide them the recorded and mixed product with certain measures taken into account. The client is requested to not ? nish aspects of the process such as song spacing, fades and ? nal master levels for each song. It is in the bene? t of the client to trust the mastering engineer to take care of such detailed aspects with the necessary skill set and experience. A fundamental point to remember in today’s technological free market is that technical competence cannot be taken for granted. ! Tejas Nair 106552 205. 1 BAP250. 1 Mastering Essay ! Today’s mastering engineers are expected to take a body of work that is recorded, produced and mixed and transform it into a sonic piece that is well balanced and is aurally pleasing to listen to. It involves a meticulous binding, processing and reinforcing of sound to translate the artistic vision onto various forms of playback. Mastering Equipment ! ! The equipment used in the process of mastering is a range of extremely high quality units that perform very speci? c tasks in the overall chain. The most important tool however is and will always be the attention to detail through years of experience and critical listening. ! Equipment used at this stage today is very relative to what is being achieved through the process itself. The aspects that are of prime importance through mastering are the conversion of audio information from analog to digital domains, the consistent but not squashed dynamic range, equalization and balance of the songs with respect to each other and the intricately combined ampli? cation done using consoles, compressors and limiters. Acoustics: ! Mastering is the last and ? nal stage between the product and its dispatch for replication and distribution. This is where the sonic ? delity of the album or any other work is judged technically to suite the various listening conditions and environments that audiences consume music in. Acoustics is amongst the most important tools to achieving a neutral space where the engineer can fully understand the strengths and weaknesses of the pre master. Monitors: ! Reference monitoring systems for mastering plants are very different from the ones used in the mixing and play back stages. Monitoring systems for mastering rooms can be two way or three way systems that divide the frequency ranges to separate drivers so that they are individually emphasized to then pay special attention to. Plants usually run two or three sets of references. Adam audio, Barefoot sound and Earthworks are some of the biggest names in Audio reference monitors for mastering. Ampli? cation: ! Ampli? cation is an important stage in the mastering chain and is integral to driving the sound clean and transparent through and out of the monitors. Another reason for ampli? cation is to have a palette of colors to pass the audio through. There are usually at least two different ampli? cation systems in a mastering plant. Tejas Nair 106552 205. 1 BAP250. 1 Mastering Essay Console: ! The console is the heart of the mastering chain where everything comes together. It is the Hub for the audio that is passing through the outboard equipment, convertors and the DAW. Manley, TK Audio and Maselec are highly renowned mastering console manufacturers. DAW: ! DAWs are the software environments within which the Audio is contained and worked with. There is a wide variety of programs that specialize in different need of the mastering process, For example Pro tools HD, DDP creator pro, Sequoia. EQ’s: ! Equalization is the process of treating speci? c ranges of the audio to strike a smooth balance that will translate the music onto systems that may not always reproduce the entire spectrum from 20Hz to 20KHz such as earphones and car audio systems. Buzz Audio, Prism Sound and GML are amongst the biggest names for EQ’s with regards to mastering. Dynamics processors: ! Dynamic range is an integral part of preparing music and audio to a level of industry standard distribution. These processors are categorized into Compressors, Limiters, Exciters, Expanders and Gates. They are used to gradually make the audio translate with a benchmark RMS and Peak level that varies in ratio across music, ? lm, television and radio broadcast. Manley, Cranesong, API and Tubetech make extremely high grade Hardware Dynamics processors for mastering. Convertors: ! Convertors are arguably the most important tools in the mastering chain today. The amount of media that is generated completely in the digital domain is signi? cantly huge. Converting this information to analog in order to be processed and worked with requires precision based high quality convertor components that can be very expensive. The conversion process also plays a huge factor in converting analog to digital considering the fundamental differences that exist between them such as hardware circuitry and software coding. Lavry Engineering and Apogee is at the forefront of building high quality convertors for mastering. Tejas Nair 106552 205. 1 BAP250. 1 Mastering Essay Digital Processors: ! An integral part of todays Mixing and Mastering is Digital Signal Processing. The tools available for use within a computer are much more cost effective and pretty close to replicating the results of analog gear and circuitry. The biggest names that have been developing the tools of this digital era are Universal Audio, Waves and McDSP, using modern technology and speci? cally designed chipsets to treat audio without losing its ? delity. Conclusion: ! The art of Mastering as a discipline was ? rst considered to be a technical process within the larger process of making a record. Over the decades this art form came to recognition when its artistic impact was noticed by people from the industry such as the artist and producers themselves. This brought about the Mastering Plant Revolution. The skill set and aesthetic value brought into the production process by mastering engineers have grown to be invaluable in this day and age of digital distribution. It is through this evolution across almost ? ve decades that todays mastering studio serves as the last and ? nal stage of technical and artistic quality control for most recorded media.